流程重组的手册跟工具6资料.pdfVIP

Basic Tools for Process Improvement Module 5 CAUSE-AND-EFFECT DIAGRAM CAUSE-AND-EFFECT DIAGRAM 1 Basic Tools for Process Improvement What is a Cause-and-Effect Diagram? A Cause-and-Effect Diagram is a tool that helps identify, sort, and display possible causes of a specific problem or quality characteristic (Viewgraph 1). It graphically illustrates the relationship between a given outcome and all the factors that influence the outcome. This type of diagram is sometimes called an Ishikawa diagram because it was invented by Kaoru Ishikawa, or a fishbone diagram because of the way it looks. When should a team use a Cause-And-Effect Diagram? Constructing a Cause-and-Effect Diagram can help your team when you need to ! Identify the possible root causes, the basic reasons, for a specific effect, problem, or condition. ! Sort out and relate some of the interactions among the factors affecting a particular process or effect. ! Analyze existing problems so that corrective action can be taken. Why should we use a Cause-and-Effect Diagram? A Cause-and-Effect Diagram is a tool that is useful for identifying and organizing the known or possible causes of quality, or the lack of it. The structure provided by the diagram helps team members think in a very systematic way. Some of the benefits of constructing a Cause-and-Effect Diagram (Viewgraphs 2) are that it ! Helps determine the root causes of a problem or quality characteristic using a structured approach. ! Encourages group participation and utilizes group knowledge of the process. ! Uses an orderly, easy-to-read format to diagram cause-and-effect relationships. ! Indicates possible causes of variation in a process. ! Increases knowledge of the process by helping everyone