机电一体化及数控专业英语教学课件 作者 刘晓莉 苏雪 邓青 Unit 1.pptVIP

Unit 1 Basic Knowledge （I） Text 1 Lathe and Turning In general⁽¹⁾, lathes can be classified as⁽²⁾parallel lathes, or vertical lathes. The general purpose parallel lathe is a versatile machine in the workshop, and is capable of carrying out⁽³⁾a wide variety of machining operations. The main components of the general purpose parallel lathe (see Figure 1T.1.1) are the headstock, the tool-rest, the tailstock, the bed, the lead screw, the feed rod, the apron, etc. The headstock and tailstock are at⁽⁴⁾opposite ends of a bed，and a tool-rest is between them which holds the cutting tool.¹ Turning means that the part is rotating while it is being machined．The starting material is usually a workpiece that has been made by other processes，such as casting，forging，extrusion，or drawing. Turning operations can be classified as rough turning, or as finish turning operations. The objective of the rough turning operation is to remove the bulk of ⁽⁵⁾the excess metal as rapidly and as efficiently as possible. Enough metal must be left on the workpiece so⁽⁶⁾ a finish turning operation can be performed. The objective of the finish turning operation is to attain the required dimensional tolerances and the required surface finish on all surfaces of the workpiece. Parts are sometimes semi-finish turned in a lathe, and the final dimensions and surface finish are obtained on a grinding machine.² (1)in general一般[大体]说来 (2) be classified as …被分为… (3) carry out …实现，执行 (4) be at …在，位于，处于 (5) the bulk of sth大部分，主要部分 (6)so（that） … 为了，以便 [表示目的] Figure 1T.1.1 A Parallel Lathe 1-Headstock； 2-Tool post； 3-Tailstock； 4-Bed； 5-Headstockpedestal； 6-Feed rod； 7-Lead screw； 8-Apron； 9-Tailstockpedestal； 10-Feeding box； 11-Change gear box lathe [leiT] n. 车床 turning [5tE:niN] n. 车削，车工工作 parallel [5pArElel] adj.平行的，卧式的 vertical [5vE:tikEl] adj. 垂直的，立式的 versatile [5vE:sEtail] adj. 有多种用途的，万用的 workshop [5wE:kFCp] n. 车间，工厂 headstock [5hedstCk] n. 床头箱，主轴箱，头