2019-2020同步译林英语必修五新突破讲义设计：Unit+1+Section+Ⅲ　Grammar——动词不定式和动名词.docVIP

PAGE Section Ⅲ　Grammar——动词不定式和动名词 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 1.Sometimes，other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study，but we like it that way. 2.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. 3.I begged her not to tell anyone else，and she said she would keep my secret. 4.My best friend Matthew has stopped talking to me. 5.I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks too，but I dislike seeing our team lose. 1.例句1中动词不定式在句中作宾语。 2.例句2中动词不定式在句中作状语。 3.例句3中动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。 4.例句4、5中动名词在句中作宾语。 Ⅰ.动词不定式 一、动词不定式的形式、意义和语态 带to的动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式四种形式，一般式和完成式有被动语态。下表以do为例，说明了不定式的形式、语态及具体用法。 形式 意义 语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 to do to be done 进行式 表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生 to be doing 完成式 表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前且一直进行着 to have been doing He promised to give me a helping hand.(give在promised之后发生) 他答应帮助我。 We hoped to have finished the work earlier.(finish这一动作发生在hoped之前) 我们本希望早点儿完成这项工作。 He pretended to be sleeping when I went in.(sleep在pretended发生的时候，正在进行) 我进去时，他假装正在睡觉。 The book to be published soon is very interesting.(The book是publish的承受者) 即将出版的这本书很有趣。 She is known to have been dealing with the problem for many years.(deal这一动作发生在is known之前且一直进行着) 大家知道她很多年都在处理这个难题。 [即时训练1]　单句语法填空 ①Dont wait for him.He is said to have gone(go) to Shanghai. ②You are supposed to be sleeping(sleep)now.Why are you still in the office? ③In order to be chosen(choose)in the first round，the girl made careful preparations for the singing competition. 二、动词不定式的句法功能 1．不定式作主语 直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。 To be here with all of you is a pleasure for me. 与你们所有人在这儿，我很高兴。 It is important to master a foreign language. 掌握一门外语很重要。 How to make requests politely is important. 如何有礼貌地提出请求很重要。 [即时训练2]　句型转换/完成句子 ①To give up smoking is right. →It is right to give up smoking. ②做早操有利于我们的健康。