研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第1单元英文原文与翻译和课后答案.docxVIP

-- --- Unit One You Are What You Think And if you change your mind—from pessimism to optimism—you can change your life 你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人 如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活 Claipe Safran 卡勒普·撒弗兰 [ 1 ] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking. [1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈， 而不是它中间的孔 吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。 [ 2 ] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15 000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University in Houston，it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills. 迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有 104 个研究项目， 涉及大约 15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败， 它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格· A· 安德 森说：“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考， 那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的 疫苗。” [ 3 ] Your abilities count, explains psychologist Michael F. Scheier of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will. In part , thats because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways. [ 3] “你的能力固然重要 , ”匹兹堡卡内基–梅隆大学的心理学家迈克尔· F·沙伊尔说， “但 你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。 ”在某种程度上， 这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。 [ 4 ] Take, for example, your job. In a major study, psychologist Martin E. P. Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania and colleague Peter Schulman surveyed sales representatives at the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. They found that the positive-thinkers among longtime representatives sold 37-percent more insurance than did the negative-thinkers. Of newly hired representatives, optimists sold 20-percent more. [4]