词义演变的方式.pptx

;;;;;;;;; For economy, some phrases are shortened and only one element of the original, usually an adjective, is left to retain the meaning of the whole. Such adjectives have thus taken on specialized meanings. a general = a general officer an editorial = an editorial article Some material nouns are used to refer to objects made of them and thus have a more specific sense. glass a cup-like container or a mirror iron device for smoothing clothes;There are four kinds of narrowing of meaning: ;Examples ;nice ignorant → foolish → delightful, pleasant fond foolish → foolishly doing → loving → affectionate governor steersman→ a person in charge of a particular political unit marshal a servant who look after mares→ a high ranking army officer knight boy→ servant → military servant or follower of king or nobleman → member of the lower nobility;Degradation of Meaning 词义的降格;Euphemism 委婉语;Lexical revivals 新义的诞生;Loss of old meanings 旧义的消亡