Contrastive Analysis语言学中的对比分析.pptVIP

Contrastive Analysis Group Member：... Outline What is Contrastive Analysis/ Study/ Linguistics? What is the psychological basis of CA? What procedures should we adopt while conducting CA? What do we contrast / compare? Procedures of conducting CA The procedures followed involve: 1) description (i.e. a formal description of the two languages was made such as distinctive features of each) 2) selection (i.e. certain areas or items of the two languages were chosen for detailed comparison such as phonology, syntax and lexicon) ? The lively chat was punctuated by shouts and laughters. ? The lively chat was punctuated by shouts and bursts of laughter. 3) comparison (i.e. the identification of areas of difference and similarity) Differences between Chinese and English: ? As for the same thing, Chinese and English give a different name because of their different focus. ? Generally, black is equivalent to “黑”，and red is to “红”. “青睐” in Chinese means “like” and “favor” while greeneyed in English means “jealous”. “眼红” in Chinese is equivalent to green-eyed in English. ? Then, what does “red-eyed flight” mean? Similarities in Chinese and English: There are some similarities in syntax, look at the following examples: 一朝被蛇咬，三年怕井绳。 ? Once bitten, twice shy. ? 眼不见，心不烦。 ? Out of sight, out of mind. 4) prediction (i.e. determining which areas were likely to cause errors) which is always considered as a failure of doing. What we are going to do next is data collection. There are two types of data: 1) corpus-based data 2) introspective data Corpus-based data : a collection of materials that has been made for a particular purpose, such as a set of textbooks which are being analyzed and compared or a sample of sentences or utterances which are being analyzed for their linguistic features. Introspective data: a kind of data involving the subject reflecting the kinds of decisions they make and the kinds of strategies they use whi