泌尿系统疾病-m.PDF

泌尿系统疾病 Diseases of of urinary system 董辰方 Prof.,M.D.,Ph.D. 浙江大学基础医学院肿瘤研究中心 浙江大学病理学和病理生理学系 Email: chenfangdong@ Personal page ：/chenfangdong Kidney Functions Excretion of the waste products of metabolism Regulation of body’s water and salt Maintenance of appropriate acid balance of plasma Secretion of a variety of hormones and autacoids: Erythropoietin Renin Prostaglandins Nephron Renal Corpuscle Glomerulus Renal Capsule (Bowman’s Capsule） Bowman’s Space Renal Tubule Schematic representation of a glomerular lobe 系膜 Mesangium A supporting structure in the center of the lobe Consisting of mesangial cells mesangial matrix Functions: Being contractile Being phagocytic Being capable of proliferation Synthesize both matrix collagen Secreting a number of biologically active mediators 滤过膜 Filtering membrane consisting of A thin layer of fenestrated endothelial cells A glomerular basement membrane (GBM) The visceral epithelial cells (podocyte) Filtering depended on Volume Charge 肾球囊 Bowman’s capsule Bowman’s space Bowman’s capsule: Visceral epithelium Parietal epithelium Bowman’s space (the urinary space) A cavity in which plasma filtrate first collects 肾小球肾炎 (Glomerulonephritis,GN) 是一组以肾小球损害为主的变态反应 性疾病。是引起肾衰竭最常见的原因。 Primary Glomerular Diseases Secondary to Systemic Diseases Hereditary Disorders Primary GN Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis Membranous glomerulopathy Minimal change disease Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis IgA nephropathy Chronic glomerulonephritis Secondary GN Syst