引起机会性感染的常见病原体分析.pdfVIP

微生物 与感染 2009 年 12 月第 4 卷第 4 期 Journal of Microbes and Infection, December 2009, Vol. 4, No. 4 ·24 1 · · 引起机会性感染的常见病原体分析 1, 3 1, 2 , 3 孙富艳 , 卢洪洲 1. 上海市( 复旦大学附属) 公共卫生临床中心感染科, 上海 20 1508; 2. 复旦大学附属华山医院感染科, 上海 200040; 3. 复旦大学上海医学院内科学系, 上海 200032 摘 要: 机会性致病微生物在机体免疫功能正常时不能导致有 明显临床症状的感染性疾病, 但当机体微生态 失调或免疫功能受损时, 可导致明显的临床感染性疾病, 甚至危及患者生命。现代医疗技术的进步使先天性 免疫功能缺陷、肿瘤等免疫功能降低者生存期延长, 滥用抗生素致使正常微生态失调, 以及大量耐药变异菌株 出现等诸多因素使得临床机会性感染逐渐增多。机会性感染多发生于免疫功能降低者, 可为耐药菌或多重耐 药菌感染, 或为正常菌群致病; 临床表现复杂且不典型, 给治疗带来极大困难。了解常见机会性感染病原体及 其特点对及时诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义。 关键词: 免疫功能受损; 机会性感染; 机会性病原体 Analysis of the common opportunistic pathogens 1, 3 1, 2 , 3 SUN Fu-Yan , LU Hong-Zhou 1. Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; 2. Department of Infectious Disease, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; 3. Department of Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China Abstract:Opportunistic pathogens do not cause infectious disease when the immune system is intact. However, under microdysbiosis or in an immunocompromised host, they can cause clinical infectious disease and mortality. Opportunistic infections are gradually increasing with the prolonged survival of immunocompromised patients with congenital immunodeficiency or cancer by modern medical treatment and as a result of microdysbiosis that may be caused by the abuse of antibiotics and increases in resistant strains ( single - drug or multi - drug resistant strains) . Clinical manifestations of opportunistic infections appear to be more complex and atypical. Great difficulties exist in clinical treatment of this type of infection. Therefore, careful examination of common opportunistic pathogens a