词缀具体条目及构词练习.docxVIP

Vocabulary building Affixes and roots Adding affixes to existing words (the base or root) to form new words is comm on in academic En glish. Prefixes are added to the front of the base {like —^dislike}, whereas suffixes are added to the end of the base {active T activate). Prefixes usually do not change the class of the base word, but suffixes usually do change the class of the word? The most common prefixes used to form new verbs in academic English are: re-, dis-, over-, un-f mis-, out-. The most comm on suffixes are: -en, -ate, -(i)fy. By far the most common affix in academic English is -ise. Verbs e.g. prefix + verb Tverb Prefix Meaning Examples re? again or back restructure, revisit, reappear, rebuild, refinance dis- reverses the meaning of the verb disappear, disallow, disarm, disconnect, discontinue over- too much overbook, oversleep, overwork un? reverses the meaning of the verb unbend, uncouple, unfasten mis- badly or wrongly mislead, misinform, misidentify out- more or better than others outperform, outbid be- make or cause befriend, belittle co- together co-exist, co-operate, co?own de? do the opposite of devalue, deselect fore? earlier, before foreclose, foresee inter- between interact, intermix, interface pre- before pre-expose, prejudge, pretest sub- under/below subcontract, subdivide  trans- across, over transform, transcribe, transplant under- not enough underfund, undersell, undervalue, underdevelop Exercise e.g. Suffix used to form verbs with the meaning Hcause to ben. Suffix Example -ise stabilise, characterise, symbolise, visualise, specialise -ate differentiate, liquidate, pollinate, duplicate, fabricate -fy classify, exemplify, simplify, justify -en awaken, fasten, shorten, moisten Exercise Nouns The most common prefixes used to form new nouns in academic English are: co- and sub-. The most common suffixes are:?tion, ?ity, ?er, -ness,?ism,?ment, ■cint,?ship, -age, -ery. By far the most common noun affix in academic English is -tion. e.g. pref