颈部局部解剖和实际操作人体局解剖学.pptVIP

锁骨上间隙的内容Contents of the supraclavicular space Include the: 颈外静脉 A part of the external jugular vein 锁骨上神经 Supraclavicular nerves 颈横静脉 Transverse cervical vein 肩胛上静脉 Suprascapular vein 淋巴管 A few lymph vessels 四、颏 下 三 角Submental Triangle 境界 Boundary 内容 Contents 颏下三角 Boundaris of submental triangle Body of hyoid bone 颏 下 三 角 的 内 容Contents of the submental triangle Include the: 几个小的颏下淋巴结 Several small submental lymph nodes. 几条小静脉，汇合成颈前静脉 Small veins that unite to form the anterior jugular vein. 五、下 颌 下 三 角Submandibular Triangle 境界 Boundary 内容 Contents 1. 下 颌 下 三 角Boundaris of the submandibular triangle A roof of the submandibular triangle is formed by the skin, superficial fascia, platysma and investing fascia. A floor of the submandibular triangle is formed by the mylohyoid, hyoglossus and middle pharyngeal constrictor. Middle pharyngeal constrictor Mylohyoid Hyoglossus 下颌下三角的底 下颌下三角的顶与底 2.下颌下三角的主要结构Main contents of the submandibular triangle 下颌腺及其导管Submandibular gland and its duct 面静脉 Facial vein 面神经的颈支 Cervical branch of facial nerve 下颌下淋巴结 Submandibular lymph nodes 面动脉 Facial artery 颏下动、静脉 Submental artery and vein 下颌舌骨肌神经 Mylohyoid nerve 舌下神经 Hypoglossal nerve 舌动、静脉 Lingual artery and vein 舌神经Lingual Nerve , 下颌下神经节Submandibular ganglion 1. 在下颌下腺的浅面有： 面静脉、面神经的颈支、下颌下淋巴结 Cervical branches of facial nerve Mylohyoid 2. The submandibular gland is divided into the superficial and deep parts by the posterior border of mylohyoid,its duct emerges from the deep of the gland and then opens on the sublingual papilla. 3. 在下颌下腺的深面：①在下颌舌骨肌浅面的结构有颏下动脉和静脉、下颌舌骨肌神经；②在舌骨舌肌浅面的结构有舌静脉、面动脉、舌下神经、下颌下神经节和舌神经；③在舌骨舌肌深面的结构有舌动脉。 4.下颌下腺深部及其导管的毗邻：自上而下为舌神经、下颌下神经节、下颌下腺及其导管、舌下神经、舌动脉和静脉。 六、解剖与观察Dissection and Observation 1.Make a median skin incision 2.Reflect the skin flaps 3.Reflect the platysma 4.Dissect the superficial structures 5.Dissect the submental triangle 6.Dissect the submandibular triangle 1.Make a median skin inc