锥体外系疾病运动障碍性.ppt

4.?亨廷顿舞蹈病：中年以上，有遗传史与痴呆。Humtingtons chorea: over middle-aged, family history and dementia.  5.?扭转痉挛：也常见儿童，扭转动作较快，常持续存在，没有自限性，肌张力在扭转时升高。 Torsion spasm: children, torsion movement is fast and persisting with increased muscular tension. Uncontrollable torsion movement. 6.??肝豆状核变性： Kinnier-Wilson syndrome7.??高或低血钙症：Hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia8.?抗心磷脂抗体综合征： Anticardiolipin syndrome 治疗treatment 1.? 一般处理：卧床休息，安静，低亮度，防止刺激与外伤。注意营养。General handling: bed rest, quiet, low brightness, avoiding stimulation and injury. Good nutrition. 2.? 病因治疗：青霉素或其他有效抗菌素，10-14天。同时给水杨酸或强的松，症状消失后渐减量，停药。Etilogical treatment: penicillin or other effective antibiotic, 10-14 days, with salicylic acid or prednisone, reducing the dose gradually, than withdrawal after the symptoms disappearing. 3.?对症治疗：安定5毫克，或硝基安定7.5毫克每日2-3次口服；氯丙嗪12.5-25毫克，每日2-3次；氟哌啶醇0.5-1毫克，每日2-3次。后两种药需注意锥体外系副反应。 Symptomatic treatment: Diazepam 5mg, or Nitrazepam 7.5mg bid , tid;Chlorpromazine 12.5-25mg, bid, tid; Haloperidol0.5-1mg, bid, tid. The side effect of latter two drugs is extrapyramidal symptoms.  4.?有明显风湿热表现者要给糖皮质激素。Glucocorticoid should be given while patients appear apparent features of rheumatic fever. 预后prognosis 为自限性，3-6个月自行缓解；治疗可缩短病程，1/4可复发，1/5死于心脏并发症。To be self limited, relieving in 3-6 months; proper treatment may shorten the course of disease, 1/4 may recur, 1/5 may die of cardiac complication.  Thank you ! ?  用药方法：由小到大Administration method: the dosage increases gradually副作用：周围性为恶心、低血压，心律失常。中枢性为症状波动、运动障碍、精神症状等。 Side effect: peripheral side effects: nausea, hypotension, arrhythmia. Central side effect: fluctuated symptom, motor disorder, psychiatric symptom, etc. 禁用：前列腺肥大、窄角型青光眼、严重肝肾功能不全。Forbidden: prostatic hypertrophy, narrow angle glaucoma, severe liver and renalInadequacy.长期及大剂量使用可出现：long-term and large dosage will cause: *症状波动：因药物作用时间缩短和血药浓度不稳定，出现剂末运动不能和双向运动障碍。 fluctuated symptom: because of the reduction of drug reaction time, and the astable