隧道灾害监控预警.PDFVIP

隧道灾害监控预警 王玉林 云南省交通科学研究院有限公司 云南 昆明 650000 摘 要：由于隧道施工地质结构复杂，围岩应力变化较大，地质勘探难以准确确定围岩级别、地 下水分部情况及围岩应力，从而导致初期支护设计强度不能准确满足围岩的安全性，其次是隧道施 工作业空间狭窄、视线差、施工机械设备及操作人员较多，安全隐患较大。特别是在云贵高原修建 隧道，地质变化较为频繁，因此在隧道施工过程中，受地下水、围岩应力、爆破产生的震动及初期 支护参数强度的影响，容易出现隧道坍塌的情况。 Abstract: Because the tunnel construction geology structure is complex, the adjacent formation stress variation is big, the geological prospecting accurately determines the adjacent formation rank, the ground water branch situation and the adjacent formation stress with difficulty, thus causes the initial period supports and protections design intensity not to be able to satisfy the adjacent formation accurately the security, next is the tunnel construction work space narrow, regards the linear discrepancy, the construction machinery equipment and the operator are many, the security hidden danger is big.In Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau construction tunnel, the geological change is specially frequent, therefore in the tunnel construction process, the ground water, the adjacent formation stress, the demolition is produced the vibration and the initial period supports and protections parameter intensity influence, easy to have the situation which the tunnel caves in. 隧道初期支护由于受隧道地质应力的影响，在二次衬砌混凝土建筑之前会产生一定的变形沉降， 通常在初期支护强度允许的情况下，其变形逐渐趋于稳定，然后浇筑二次衬砌混凝土，确保了隧道 结构的绝对安全。但是在隧道二次衬砌混凝土浇筑之前由于受围岩应力的不均匀分布、地下水及爆 破震动的影响，局部段落的初期支护很容易突然沉降变形导致初期支护坍塌，造成隧道“关门”现 象。一旦发生“关门”事故，施工人员的生命面临巨大威胁，救援工作复杂困难，容易引起灾难性 的后果。因此，隧道灾害监控预警工作至关重要。 Tunnel initial support due to tunnel geological stress, before the two lining concrete construction will have a certain settlement, usually in the initial support strength allowed, the deformation tends to be stable gradually, and then pouring two lining concrete, to ensure the absolute safety of the tunnel structure. However, due to the uneven distribution of the surrounding rock stress, the influe