物质跨膜运输王喜忠邹方东细胞生物学全套.pptVIP

1.Nerve growth factor (NGF) 2.Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 3.Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 4.Epidermal growth factor (EGF) Activation of Ras following binding of a hormone (e.g., EGF) to an RTK The four classes of ATP-powered transport proteins: ABC (ATP-binding Cassette) superfamily, bacteria—humans. Two transmembrane (T) domains and two cytosolic ATP-binding (A) domains Model for the formation of a clathrin-coated pit and the selective incorporation of integral membrane proteins into clathrin-coated vesicles Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ via the IP signaling pathway Structure of calmodulin, a cytosolic protein of 148 amino acids that bind Ca2+ ions Receptor Tyrosine Kinase initiate a signal transduction cascade involving Ras and MAP kinase Receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK) and RTK-Ras signaling pathway ?RTK are the second major type of cell-surface receptors 6个亚族 ?Ligand binding leads to autophosphorylation of RTK 信号转导： ? MAP Kinase Pathway信号通路： 由细胞表面整合蛋白介导的信号传递 ●整合蛋白与粘着斑 ●导致粘着斑装配的信号通路有两条 ●粘着斑的功能： ?一是机械结构功能； ?二是信号传递功能 ●通过粘着斑由整合蛋白介导的信号传递通路： ?由细胞表面到细胞核的信号通路 ?由细胞表面到细胞质核糖体的信号通路 细胞信号传递的基本特征与蛋白激酶的网络整合信息 ●细胞信号传递的基本特征： ?具有收敛（convergence）或发散（divergence）的特点 ?细胞的信号传导既具有专一性又有作用机制的相似性 ?信号的放大作用和信号所启动的作用的终止并存 ?细胞以不同的方式产生对信号的适应 ●蛋白激酶的网络整合信息与信号网络系统中的cross talk Transport processes within an eukaryotic cell The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier: The phospholipid bilayer is impermeable to most water-soluble molecules. Transport of such molecules is mediated by Transport Proteins. Diffusion of small molecules across phospholipid bilayers 简单扩散与协助扩散的比较 Comparison of passive and active transport If uncharged solutes are small enough, they can move down their concentration gradients directly across the lipid bilayer by simple diffusion. Most solutes can cross the membrane only if there is a membrane transport protein to transfer them. Passive transport, in the same direction as a concentration gradient; Active transport,