有什么类似的经验吗biologicalmonitoring-ohlearning.ppt

BASIC PRINCIPLES IN OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE  职业卫生基本原则 Day 2 第2天 8 - BIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND HEALTH SURVEILLANCE 8-生物监测及健康监护 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND HEALTH SURVEILLANCE生物监测及健康监护 What experience do you have? 有什么类似的经验吗？ BIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND HEALTH SURVEILLANCE 生物监测及健康监护 Health Surveillance is a generic term: any procedure undertaken to assess, review or monitor an individual’s health in order to identify or detect any significant change from normality. 健康监护是通用术语：是评估、审核和监测个人健康所采取的任何程序，其目的是为了检测人体是否出现了任何异常变化。 There are three reasons for health surveillance at work: 进行职业健康监护的三大理由如下： to ensure adverse health effects related to the work are identified at an early stage; sometimes this is statutory, e.g. in relation to work with lead. 为了确保能在早期就能发现工作对健康造成的不良影响；有时，健康监护 是强制性规定，例如对于与铅接触的工作。 to ensure continued medical fitness for specific tasks like diving or fire fighting 为了确保具有执行特定任务所需的良好健康状况，如潜水或消防等。 to promote general health. 为了促进身体健康。 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND HEALTH SURVEILLANCE 生物监测及健康监护 Health surveillance techniques should be: 健康监护技术应符合如下条件： Highly sensitive 灵敏度高。 Specific in their ability to detect effects at an early and reversible stage. 具备能在早期和可逆阶段发现负面作用的能力。 Safe. 安全性高。 Preferably non-invasive and acceptable to the employee. 最好是非侵入式，员工可接受。 Cost is also a consideration. 成本也是一个考虑因素。 Results of health surveillance should lead to some action of benefit to the health of employees. 应能通过健康监护结果，制定有利于员工的措施。 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING (1)生物监测 （1） Biological monitoring is an integral part of health surveillance and is the measurement of human tissues, fluids or behaviour in comparison with what is considered to be a normal range of values. 生物监测是健康监护不可分割的一部分，是对人体组织、体液或行为进行测量，并将测量结果与正常值进行对比的程序。 Medical confidentiality applies. 应符合医疗保密规定。 Can establish not only exposure but also its effect on an individual or group of people. 不仅可以确定接触限值，还能确定对个人或群体的影响。 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING (2)生物监测 （2） Biological measurements can determine:- 生物测量可以确定： the content o