数控英文课件Unit 8 Servo Controls.pptVIP

Servo controls can be any group of electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic devices which are used to control the position of machine tool slides. The most common servo control systems in use are the open-loop and the closed-loop systems. 伺服控制系统可以利用电器、液压、或气压设备中的任何一种来控制机床工作台位置，最常用的伺服控制系统是开环和闭环系统。 In the open-loop system, the tape is fed into a tape reader which decodes the information punched on the tape and stores it briefly until the machine is ready to use it. The tape reader then converts the information into electrical pulses or signals. 开环系统中，纸带输送到纸带阅读机，译出纸带上的信息，并将其简要地存储起来，以备机床需要时使用，然后纸带阅读机将这些信息转换成电脉冲或电信号。 These signals are sent to the control unit, which energizes the servo control units. The servo control units direct the servomotors to perform certain functions according to the information supplied by the tape. The amount each servomotor will move depends upon the number of electrical pulses it receives from the servo control unit. 再将这些信号送到控制单元，以驱动伺服控制装置，伺服控制装置指导伺服电机根据纸带提供的特定功能执行动作。每个伺服电机将依据从伺服控制单元获得的电脉冲数目转动。 Precision leadscrews, usually having 10 threads per inch (tpi), are used on NC machines. If the servomotor connected to the leadscrew receives 1000 electrical pulses, the machine slide will move 1 in. (25.4mm). Therefore, one pulse will cause the machine slide to move 0.001 in. (0.0254mm). 在NC机床上，精密丝杠通常采用10头螺纹/英寸，也就是说，如果和丝杠相连的伺服电机接收到了1000个电脉冲，那么机床工作台将移动1英寸（25.4mm），因此一个脉冲将使机床工作滑台移动0.001英寸（0.0254mm）。 The open-loop system is fairly simple; however, since there is no means of checking whether the servomotor has performed its function correctly, it is not generally used where an accuracy greater than 0.001in. (0.025mm) is required. 开环控制系统相当简单，但是，因为没有办法检测伺服电机是否正确执行了它的功能，所以如要求精度高于0.001英寸（0.0254mm）时，通常不用开环控制系统。 The open-loop system may be compared to a gun crew that has made all the calculations necessary to hit a distant target but does not have an observer to confirm the accuracy of the shot. 开环系统可比作一个射手，他做了