通悟语法系列4：动词的时态、语态和主谓一致.pptxVIP

第4讲　 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致;考点1　一般时态 【考题小练】单句语法填空 1. I jumped out of bed, opened the door and _______ (step) outside the room. It was full of thick smoke. 2. The result is a painting that _________ (combine) the warmth of life with the feelings of sadness. ;3. If you _____ (come) this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. ;【考点精讲】 1. 一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be动词的一般现在时用am/is/are)构成。 *They always care for each other and help each other. ; (2)表示按照时间表、计划安排好的或者规定的行为, 只限于go, come, leave, start, stop, arrive, begin, return, open, close等表示动作趋向性或移动意义的词。 *The shop closes at 11: 00 p. m. every day. ; (3)表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在的事实(即使在主句为一般过去时的从句中也???循此用法)。 The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. ; (4)如果主句是一般将来时, 那么在由when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句、if和unless引导的条件状语从句中, 可用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 表示将来的动作或状态。 *The sentence will be easy to understand when you divide it into three parts. ;2. 一般过去时 (1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作时间状语。 *At that time, he worked as a teacher to support the family. ; (2)用于表示过去经常发生的或习惯性的动作。 *When he was young, he took cold baths regularly. ;【点津】 表示过去习惯性的动作还可用would, used to。 *He used to go to work by bus. ;(3)在时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 *He said that he would not go if it rained. ; (4)表示两个紧接着发生的动作, 常用一般过去时, 由but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute等连接。 *He bought a watch but lost it. *The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her. ; (5)常用一般过去时的句型。 *Why didn’t you think of that? *I didn’t notice it. ;【题组训练】单句语法填空 1. Instead, enjoy each one of your blessings and each moment that life _____ (give) you. 2. In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and _______ (marry) her in 1935. ;3. Having a talent for languages, Marco Polo learned to speak Mongolian and Chinese. Later under the orders of Kublai Khan, he ________________ (travel) far and wide across China