大学英语翻译复习课程.pptVIP

Translation;汉英词义对比 英汉词汇意义的对应程度，大致有以下三种情况 1）词义相符(semantic correspondence) 如: 山(mountain), 学生(student), 环境保护(environmental protection) 在寻找语义相符的对应语时,易犯逐词翻译的毛病,找到假对应词,如: 学习知识 to learn knowledge (to acquire knowledge) 盐水 salt water (salt solution) ;2)二.词义相异(semantic non-correspondence) 词义相异有两种情况.第一种是指称意义相符,蕴涵意义相异. 松、梅、竹（岁寒三友，蕴含不畏唁函，傲然风雪的品德）然而，英语中pine trees, plum blossoms,bamboo不具备上述蕴含意义。 “羊”在古汉语中就是吉祥的意思.如“三羊开泰”(Three Rams Bring Bliss) ram 在英语中除表示 “公羊”外，还表示“撞击装置”。 ;第二种情况是指称意义和蕴涵意义相异. phoenix(凤凰): mythical bird of the Arabian desert, said to live for several hundred years before burning itself and then rising born again from its ashes “龙凤呈祥”(Dragon and Phoenix Bringing Prosperity) ;3) 词义空缺(semantic zero) 词语意义的空缺是文化现象空缺的结果.翻译是需要用音译,意译或其他方式表示其义. 糖葫芦 Tanghulu, a sugar-coated fruit on the stick which is a kind of children’s favorite food in winter 特困生 the most needy students 乌纱帽 an official post 站票 standing-room-only tickets ;钱先生周岁时 “抓周”,抓了一本书,因此得名 “钟书”. When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all things. Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu (=book lover). ;钱先生周岁时 “抓周”,抓了一本书,因此得名 “钟书”. When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all things. Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu (=book lover). ; 每年春季，数以万计的中外客商云集申城，参加一年一度的华东出口品交易会。上海各类商品在这里与全国各地一比短长。上海的优势在于科??实力，因此高技术产口的出口应成为上海外贸出口增长的排头兵”。著名物理学家杨振宁教授曾说：高科技战场是中国超越发达国家的主战场，也是最后的战场。”走发展高科技贸易之路，是历史的必然，也是末来的需要。 ;中外客商 domestic and foreign businessmen 云集申城 swarm into Shanghai 华东出口品交易会 East China Export Commodity Trade Fair 一比短长 compet