英语语音基础知识讲解---!!.pdfVIP

1．关于语音的几个概念 1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母 a, e, i(y), o, u, 2)音标：词的语音形式。 3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有 48 音素。 4)音 节 ： 由 元 音 和辅音 构 成 的 发音 单位 。 apple, student, teacher, understand 5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。 英语中有 20 元音。 6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主 要音。英语中有 28 辅音。 7)开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi 8)闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音 it 9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标) 1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2) sit, build, miss, myth 3)[e] bed, desk, head, 4)[aelig;] bad, land, bank, stamp 5)[a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6)[ɔ] hot, want 7)[ ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8)[u:] good, who, blue, soup, 9) look, put, women, could 10)[Λ] cup, come, blood, rough 11)[ә:] girl, work, serve, nurse 12)[ә] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 14)[ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15)[әu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16)[au] house, town 17)[ɔi] boy, oil 18)[iә] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19)[εә] pear, care, there, fair 20)[uә] tour, poor, 3. 容易混淆的元音 1)[e] [aelig;] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2)[i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3)[e] [ai] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4)[au] [ɔ :] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5)[au] [Λ] found fond; gown gone; down don 4. 辅音 1)[p] pen, 2) bed, comb 3)[t] tell, 4)[d], day, played, wanted 5)[k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 6)[g] big, go, guess, language 7)[m] man 8)[n] nine, knife, autumn 9)[η] bank, uncle, English, sing, 10)[l] land, world 11)[r] read, write, 12)[f] five, cough, laugh 13)[v] voice, of 14)[θ] think, 15)[ eth;] this, bathe 16) sit, miss, science, case, scarf 17)[z] zoo, close, 18)[∫] sure, she, social, nation 19)[/] pleasure, 20)[h] hot, wh