民间借贷诉讼中证明责任研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 随着我国市场经济的蓬勃发展，金融市场中民间借贷所占的份额也在逐年增长。民间借贷一方 面有助于活跃市场经济，为人们生产生活提供便利，另一方面由于缺乏有效监管，民间借贷的发展 有着种种不完善、不规范的地方，呈现出野蛮生长的态势。在这样充满挑战与考验的背景下，如何 解决民间借贷中证明责任这一问题，成为了降低市场金融风险、整顿民间金融秩序的重中之重。由 于民间借贷案件的复杂多变，不仅是案件当事人，即便是承接案件的审判机关在审理民间借贷纠纷 时也面临着如何正确适用法律、如何科学合理的分配证明责任的问题。为解决这一问题，本文首先 通过明确民间借贷的概念、法律属性以及相关立法现状从而对民间借贷行为有了较为明确的认识。 随后介绍了大陆法系国家、英美法系国家以及我国学术理论界中关于民间借贷中举证责任的主流学 说，并且界定和厘清了民间借贷及其证明责任中的基本概念。在此基础之上通过对张某诉易某民间 借贷纠纷案与汪某诉朱某民间借贷纠纷案的分析，揭示出我国民间借贷诉讼中证明责任分配规则的 缺陷与不足。分别对民间借贷规范多重并用、缺乏具体、明确的证明责任规则、缺乏交叉案件的证 明责任分配规则等问题进行了探讨。最后，针对上述问题和不足，从健全专门借贷法律体系、明确 民间借贷证明责任的分配规则、明确夫妻共同债务中以及民刑交叉案件情形下的证明责任分配以及 限制法官自由裁量权等五个角度提出完善民间借贷中证明责任的建议，希望能正确引导民间借贷的 健康发展。 关键词：民间借贷；证明责任；谁主张谁举证；证据规则 I Abstract With the vigorous development of Chinas market economy, the share of private lending in the financial market is also increasing year by year. On the one hand, private lending helps to activate the market economy and facilitate production and life. On the other hand, due to the lack of effective supervision, the development of private lending has various imperfections and irregularities, showing a barbarous growth. Against such a background of challenges and tests, how to solve the problem of the burden of proof in private lending has become the top priority in reducing market financial risks and rectifying the private financial order. Due to the complexity and variability of private lending cases, not only the parties to the case, but also the trial agencies that are undertaking the case are faced with the problems of how to properly apply the law and how to distribute the burden of proof scientifi