翻译技巧一：词法翻译法课堂.pptVIP

增补并列结构中省略的词语 ? We don‘t retreats ， we never have and never will. 我们不后退，我们从没有后退过，将来也决不后 退。 (we never have and never will=we never have retreated and never willretreat-) ? A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money. 愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里 的钱。 (a man of genius and his money=a man of genius and his money are soon parted) 31 增补表示逻辑关系或者平衡结构的 词语 ? Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and amendment be expected? 如果你对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你悔改呢。 ? Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed. 假设准备工作完成不了，那可怎么办 ? Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任一物体都会受到 空气的作用力。 ? Students should learn from teachers and vice versa. 学生应该向老师学习，老师也应该向学生学习。 32 增加形容词或者副词 根据原文的上下文、有些动词需增加适当的副词， 有些名词需增加适当的形容词，才能确切表 达原意。 ? What a leader he was! 他真是一个出类拔萃的领袖啊 ! ? The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 ? As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. ? 他一坐下来就讲开了 , 滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 33 增加名词 ? Day after day he came to his work---- sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. 他每天来干活 — 扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。 ? He never drinks before driving. 他开车前从不喝酒。 ? Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly. 哈丽特阿姨时常慷慨地款待客人。 34 ? This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 ? A new kind of aircraft----small, cheap, pilatless-is attracting increasing attention 一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注 意 — 这种飞机体积不大，价钱便宜，无人 驾驶。 35 增加表示名词复数的词 英语名词复数，汉译时还可以根据情况，增加重 叠词、数词或其他一些词来表达，这样做可以让 汉语译文更加通顺，更加完整： ? Flowers bloom all over the yard. 朵朵鲜鱼开满了庭院。 ? Newsmen went flying off to Mexico. 记者纷纷飞到墨西哥去了。 ? There were rows of houses which he had never seen before. ? 一排排的房子，都是他从来没有见过的。 36 ? The lion is the king of animals. 狮是直兽之王。 ? We have to face different problems. 我们得面对各种不同的问题， ? Mr. Hobbs didn‘t talk over my suggestions with his brother until yesterday afternoon. 直到昨天下午，霍布斯先生才跟他兄弟讨 论了我的各项建议。 37 增加表达时态的词 ? 英语动词的时态是靠动词词形变化 ( 如 write, wrote) 或加助动词 ( 如 will write have written ）来表达的。 汉语动词没有词形变化，表达时态要靠增加汉语 特有的时态助词或一些表示时间的词。如 : 翻译完 成时往往用“曾”、“已经”、“过”、 “了， ; 翻译进行时往往用“在”、“正在”、 “着” ; 翻译将来时往往用