稳定性同位素技术.pptVIP

浪性同位 名生感究中的应 黄建辉 中国科学院植物研究所 2004-11-6 什么是同位素? HO HDO DO HDO或者D21O Isot ol Mass(protons+ neutrons)= 12 Stable Isotope: 13C Mass= 13 Stable a5 Isotope: 14C M ass Unstable, half-life 5,730 years o neutron o ele ectron SOMETIMES THE EXTRA NEUTRON MAKES A DIFFERENCE. ITS HARDER TO PUSH THE HEAVY MOLECULES UP AN ENERGY HILL 7 MADE( MADE /T HEAVY GOING ENERGYC M. Fogel and B. Fry, Woods Hole Stable Isotope Workshop, 1986 LInen Soup ralio Natural abundance Natural abundance Hvdrogen H=y呢 of stable isotopes Carby N N Ox g S⊥phur sOph 3ph 34 Hobson 1999 Oecologia mass 46 For Co2, three collectors are and 4d Several masses are collected In the flight tube the magnet causes the ions to be deflected, with a radus of th Heavier ions are deflected less example, for CO2, mass 46 has the lar gest radus of deflection, mass 44 has the smallest, and mass 45 is intermediate. Charge also affects the dius of deflection, but. for the most part-Lhms is held constant because the lon Source strips only i electron from most molecule Figure 1. Dispersion patt en in the flight tube of a mass sp ectr ometer for the three most common masses fcO2,mase44(12c,100.16C the ion source, each molecule is stripped of 1 electron, becaming a positively charged ion when it enters che flight tube ColoradoStableiSotopeLab,Nau,Url:http://jan.uccnauedu/-bah/cpsil.html IRMS: isotope ratio mass spectrometer 200 常用稳定性同位素种类 2H(D)同位素 13C同位素 15N同位素 180同位素 8”符号 8X=[Rm/kmd)-11x1000 X代表3C,15N,34S,R为重轻同位素比例,Cn2C,15N/4 34S/2S 83C= 13C/2C sam lx1000 13C/12C standard 物质中的同位素含量0.011时,81C1,否则1 同位素的标准物质 C, Pee Dee Belemnite(PDB),C/2C=0.01 12372 N,大气 15N/4N=0.0036765 分差 COz(air)t Co2(leaf)- Carboxylation(Ps) sourCe 稳定性同位素比例的变化 羧化作用快:813C=-7△=-4813C=-11 慢:813C=-7△=-29813C=-35 例如:陆地C3植物,8C=-28 大气=-7.4,△=-20.4 实际上,△=-21,C3植物813C=-28 对陆生的动物来说,C分差通常比较小,=0~1‰ ATMOSPHERE 0 Soil Organic Matter -26M35 2CO2-15 Tropical C- Total Dissolved DOM -23 LAKE OCEAN