晚明天主教与佛教关于轮回观的论争研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 佛教自从传入中国的那一刻开始，就在不断地发展自身，与中国本土的儒学、 道教文化交流碰撞，逐渐形成了三教并立的局面。到了明代，天主教在中国扩展 教区，并以澳门为起始点，在中国沿海地区首先开始传播天主教。并由沿海地区 逐步渗入中国内陆地区，在中国的几个主要城市建立了天主教区，一时之间天主 教在中国的发展势头迅猛。天主教作为一种从西方文化中孕育出来的宗教，在传 教过程中自然避免不了与中国传统宗教文化发生碰撞。天主教的迅速发展影响了 佛教，加上天主教教义与佛教教义的相悖，天主教与佛教之间围绕着佛教轮回观 念展开了异常激烈的论辩。 本文主要研究晚明天主教与佛教关于佛教轮回观念的论辩，以天主教耶稣会 士利玛窦与佛教界护教人士的主要论争为基础，分析天主教与佛教在天主观念以 及轮回观等问题上的分歧。通过研究佛教与天主教冲突的交流文件，对佛教界人 士以及利玛窦的主要观点进行提炼，分析两教关于轮回观论争的策略与实质。最 后分析晚明时期天主教与佛教之间冲突论争产生的影响，揭示宗教间对话交流带 来的启示。 关键词：晚明；天主教；佛教；轮回观 I Abstract Buddhism has been developing itself since its introduction to China, and has gradually formed a situation ofthreereligionsin the face ofthe collision of exchanges with The Chinesenative Confucianism andTaoism.In theMingDynasty,Catholicism began to spread Catholicism to the local population, and from coastal areas to the interior, in several major cities in China to establish Catholic districts, the development of Catholicism in China for a while.As a religion born out of Western culture, Catholicism naturally avoids collision with Traditional Chinese religious culture in the course of missionary work. The rapid development of Catholicism has influenced Buddhism, and with the fact that Catholic teachings are at odds with Buddhist teachings, there is an unusually heated debate between Catholicism and Buddhism abouttheconcept ofBuddhistreincarnation. Thispaper mainly studies the arguments between Catholicism and Buddhism on the concept of Buddhist reincarnation in the late Ming And Ming, and analyzes the differences between Catholicism and Buddhism on such issues as the subjective concept ofheaven and the concept ofreincarnation on thebasis ofthemain argument between the Catholic Jesuit Sgt.Ricci and theBuddhist apologists.Through the study of the exchange documents of the conflict between Buddhism and Catholicism, the main views