主语同语从句.pptVIP

名词性从句 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。按句法功能, 名词性从句可以分为主语从句,表语从句,宾语 从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有连接词 that, whether和,连接代词who,whom,what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever以及连接副 词when, where和how 主语从句( Subject clause) 用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词 有从属连词,疑问代词,疑问副词,缩合连接代词, 缩合连接副词。 、that引导的主语从句 1.that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首,也可以放在 句后。但是为了保持句子的平衡,常常用i作形式主语, 把真正的主语放在句后 That he survived the accident is a miracle =It is a miracle that he survived the accident 他在这场事故中幸免于难,真是奇迹 That he is a doctor is true It is true that he is a doctor.千真万确,他是个医生 2.用作形式主语的从句有的已经形成固定的用法和 译法。常见的有四种句型。 1)It+be+名词+that从句 It is a fact that..事实上是… It is a pity that..可惜的是 2)It+be+形容词+that从句 It is certain that..很肯定 It is clear that..很清楚 3)It+be+过去分词+that从句 It is said.据说 It must be pointed out.必须指出 注意:以上句型在表示建议,要求,命令等意义的时 候,从句中谓语动词要加 should或用动词原形。(属 于虚拟语气的用法) should speak It is important that we English It is necessary that a high school student a foreign language should master 4)It+不及物动词+that从句 It seems that..好象是 It happened that..碰巧是 It follows that..由此可见 3.that主语从句不可以提前的几种情况。 虽然that主语从句既可以放在句首,也可以放在句 后,但是在下列情况下主语从句不可以提前 1)在“ It is said/ reported..”结构中的主语从句不可 以提前。 It is said that they are a happy pair.据说他们是幸福 的一对。 2)在“ It occurred/happened.”结构中的主语从句不 可以提前 It occurred to me that I had a good idea.我突然想 到了一个好的主意 3)含有主语从句的复合句是疑问句的时候,主语从 句不能提前。 Is it true that he would take the risk?他要冒这 个险是真的吗? 4.i作形式主语和i引导的强调句的比较 it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子的 结构;而引导的强调句可以强调除谓语动词以外的 大多数句子成分,无论强调什么成分,都要求用连接 词that(强调人的时候可以用who,whom)。当强调 部分是状语的时候也只能用that。 John might have bought a new book for mary yesterday. It is John that/who might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday..强调主语 It is a new book that John might have bought for Mary yesterday.强调宾语 It is for mary that John might have bought a new book yesterday.强调目的状语 It is yesterday that John might have bought a new book for mary.强调时间状语 二、wh-引导的主语从句 1.Wh-引导的主语从句既可以直接放在主语的位置, 也可以用作形式主语。 When he will come has not been clear. =It is not clear when he will come.他何时来还不清楚。 Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me. tit