被动语态与主谓一致课堂导学案.docxVIP

Grammar?1?(Module?1,?Book?3) Passive?voice: present?and?past?forms Read?the?sentences?and?pay?attention?to?the?underlined?words. 1.Paris?is?visited?by?more?than?eight?million?tourists?every?year. 2.The?Sagrada?Familia?was?designed?by?an?ancient?called?Antonio?Gaudi. 3.Florence’s?most?beautiful?paintings?and?sculptures?were?produced?by?great?artists?such?as Leonardo?da?Vinci. 被动语态: 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则 为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。被动语态只用在句子的谓语部分。只有 及物动词才有被动语态。 一、何时使用被动语态 1. ①?His?bike?was?stolen. ②?He?was?wounded?in?the?fight. 不清楚谁是动作的?_______。 2.?①?Paper?was?first?made?in?China. ②?Do?you?know?when?the?building?was?built? 没有必要或不想指出动作的执行者时。 3.?①?Pairs?is?visited?by?more?than?eight?million?tourists?every?year.?②?This?painting?was?painted?by him. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。 二、被动语态的构成 1.?be?+?done?构成被动语态,?done?可以带?by?短语。被动语态发生时态变化时只变?___?的形式，过去 分词不变。 be/get+done?也可以是系表结构形式,?而系表结构中?done?相当于形容词?不带?by?短语。 三、不同时态的被动语态 1.?一般现在时的被动语态是由“am?/?is?/?are+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Amy?_____________(consider)?to?be?the?best?singer?in?the?group. Customers?_______________(advise)?to?buy?their?tickets?in?advance. 2.?一般过去时的被动语态是由“was?/?were+及物动词的过去分词”构成。 The?local?cinema?______________(close)?down?three?years?ago. When?they?got?to?the?police?station,?they?_______immediately?___________(question). 温馨提示 1.?不及物(短语)动词没有被动语态。 2.?某些及物动词(短语)?如：have,?fit,?equal,?cost,?wish,?look?like,?belong?to?等没有被动语态。 e.g.?The?book?cost?him?30?dollars. 3.?系动词，如?look,?sound,?smell,?taste,?feel?等没有被动语态，常用其主动结构表示被动含义。 This?kind?of?food?tastes?very?good. 4.?某些动词，如?sell,?lock,?wash,?open,?wear,?write?等，若表示主语的性能时，常用主动形式表示被动 意义。 The?cloth?washes?well. The?wine?sells?well?at?home?and?abroad. 5.?含有情态动词的被动语态结构是：情态动词?+?be?+?及物动词的过去分词。 This?book?shouldn’t?_____________(put)?here. The?criminal?may?________________(sentence)?to?death. 6.?其它时态的被动语态： 时态与语态组合时，“先时态，后语态”，可以用“加法原则”推导出来。例如： 进行时态的被动语态： 进行时态： be + v-ing?(现在分词) 被动语态： be + v-ed?(过去分词) be + being + v-ed?(过去分词) 例如：The?room?_______________________(paint)?now.?（房间正在粉刷。） The?br