1-3 Physiology of speech sounds数字时代的商务英语写作.pdf

Unit 1 Introduction 1.3 Physiology of speech sounds 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds According to Lund (2003: 16), “pronunciation is the only aspect of language that calls for a close interaction between the cognitive and physiological processes. In acquiring new sounds, we are also dealing with a complex re-organizing of the articulatory processes”. 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds Human beings all use the same speech organs to produce the sounds we become accustomed to producing. We learn to use our voices in different ways. 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds We need to adapt our speech organs to a new habit when we try to speak English. 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds The organs, which take part in the production of speech sounds, are called speech organs (发音器官). Phoneticians term these anatomical bits and pieces the articulators (发音器官) . 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds 3 articulatory apparatus of a human being nasal cavity (鼻腔) — the nose oral cavity ( 口腔) — the mouth phraryngeal cavity (咽腔) — the throat 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds Articulation happens when the airstream is interrupted, shaped, restricted or diverted. Producing different speech sounds depends on the movement of speech organs. 1. Course Description Physiology of speech sounds lips (双唇) : bilabials (双唇音) /p, b, m/, labio-dental (唇齿音) /f, v/, vowels (元音) like /u:/ teeth (齿) : dentals (齿间音) /, ð/ alveolar ridge (齿龈): alveolars (齿龈音) /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /n/, /l/ velum (soft palate 软腭): nasals (鼻音) /m, n, ŋ/ 4. Physiolo