Socratic questioning英美概况——纵览·博闻.pdf

以下是关于“苏格拉底式提问”的文字材料，供大家阅读和参考： WhatisSocraticquestioning? Socraticquestioningwas namedafterSocrates,whowas a philosopher inc.470 BCE–c. 399 BCE. Socrates utilized an educational method that focused on discovering answers by asking questions from his students. Socrates believed that the disciplined practice of thoughtful questioning enables the scholar/student toexamine ideas and beabletodeterminethevalidity of those ideas. Plato, a student of Socrates, described this rigorous method of teaching toexplainthattheteacherassumes an ignorant mindset inordertocompelthe studenttoassumethehighest levelof knowledge.Thus,astudent hastheability to acknowledge contradictions, recreate inaccurate or unfinished ideas and criticallydeterminenecessarythought. Socratic questioning is a form of disciplined questioning that can be used to pursuethought inmany directions andformany purposes,including:toexplore complex ideas,togettothetruthofthings,toopenupissues and problems,to uncover assumptions, to analyze concepts, to distinguish what we know from what we do not know, to follow out logical consequences of thought or to controldiscussions.Socraticquestioningisbasedonthefoundationthatthinking has structured logic, and allows underlying thoughts to be questioned.The key to distinguishing Socratic questioning from questioning per se is that Socratic questioning is systematic, disciplined, deepand usually focuses onfundamental concepts,principles,theories,issuesorproblems. Socratic questioning is referred to in teaching, and has gained currency as a concept ineducation,particularly inthepasttwodecades.Teachers,students,or anyone interested in probing thinking at a deep level can construct Socratic questionsandengageinthesequestions.[6]Socraticquestioninganditsvariants havealsobeenextensively usedinpsychotherapy. Socraticquestioningandcriticalthinking The art of Socratic questioning is intimately connected with critical thinking because the art of questioning