细胞生物学英文课件：细胞骨架V2.pptVIP

Desmin filaments maintain muscle structural integrity Desmin filaments are tethered to the Z disk and evelope the sarcomere Don’t participate in contraction, but maintain structural integrity Mutant mice have misaligned muscle fibers Mutations in human desmin causes muscle disorders (Types III) Vimentin/desmin - the I.Fs present in connective tissue and muscles GFAP in glia NF-H in neurons GFAP(Types III) NF-H in neurons (Type IV) Neurofilament proteins :A marker for Nerve cells Nuclear lamins are I.F.s present in the nuclei of all cells Nestin is an intermediate filament protein expressed in dividing cells during the early stages of development in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral nervous system (PNS) and in myogenic and other tissues. Upon differentiation, nestin becomes downregulated and is replaced by tissue-specific intermediate filament proteins. During neuro- and gliogenesis, nestin is replaced by cell type-specific intermediate filaments, e.g. neurofilaments and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Nestin (Types VI) 2. Assembly of Intermediate Filaments The central rod domains of two polypeptides wind around each other in a coiled-coil structure to form dimers. Dimers then associate in a staggered antiparallel fashion to form tetramers. Tetramers associate end to end to form protofilaments The final intermediate filament contains approximately eight protofilaments wound around each other in a ropelike structure. The basic unit of IF tetramer No polarity 2. Assembly of Intermediate Filaments 3. The function of IF （1） Enhance both structural integrity, cell shape （2）providing mechanical support  Provide mechanical strength and resistance to shear stress. 3. Take part in cell connection 4.Maintain the stability of nuclear membrane 5. Signal transduction and intracellular transportation 6. Take part in cell differentiation Cytoskeleton and diseases The cytoskeleton is made up of a large variety of specialized proteins and i