初中英语否定句用法归纳.docx

初中英语否定句用法归纳 一、用一般否定词 not ，否定了英语中的绝大多数句子。 1、对 be 动词的否定，在后面加上 not 。 He is not a student. 2、对谓语动词的否定，根据人称和时态在前面加上助动词 don’t, doesn’t, didn ’t 。 He didn ’t watch TV last night. 3、对助动词的否定，在后面加上 not 。 He has not been to Shanghai before. 4、对情态动词的否定：在后面加上 not 。具体情况如下： 肯定形式 否定形式 缩略形式 can/could cannot/could not can’t/couldn ’t may may not / must must not mustn’t need need not needn’t should should not shouldn ’t will/would will not/would not won’t/wouldn ’t ought ought not oughtn ’t dare dare not daren ’t used to used not to usedn’t to 5、对  need, dare  的否定：  need 和  dare  除了可以用作情态动词外，还可以用作普通的 行为动词，即除 了上表中的否定形式外，还有  don’t need to  和 don’t dare to  的否定形式。在实际 运用中需注意。 6、对  has/have  的否定： have 在现在完成时中为助动词，其否定形式在后面加上  not ， 作为“有”的意 思，其否定形式也可以在后面加  not ，即  hasn’t和  haven’t ，但该用法在课本中没有 出现。所以，不管 have 作为什么意思，只要不是用作助动词构成现在完成时，其否定形式一律用 don’t/doesn ’t/ didn ’t have 。 7、不定式的否定：在前面加上 not 。即： ask / tell / ?sb not to do sth 。 8、 名 的否定：在前面加上 not 。即： worry about not doing 。 9、祈使句的否定：在句首加上 Don’t 。如有 please ，在 please 后面加上 don’t 。 Please don ’t talk in class. 各种 肯定句 否定句 化形式如下： 肯定句 否定句 一般 在 He likes apples. He doesn’t like apples. 一般 去 He watched TV last He didn ’t watch TV last night. night. 一般将来 He will go home by He will not go home by bus. bus. 在 行 He is listening to He is not listening to the the radio. radio. 在完成 He has finished his He has not finished his homework. homework. 去 行 He was doing his homework at this time yesterday evening.  He was not doing his homework at this time yesterday evening. 去完成 He said he had He said he had not finished finished his homework. his homework. 去将来 He said he would go to Shanghai.  He said he would not go to Shanghai. ☆特 提醒：肯定句 否定句有些 需作 。 肯定句 否定句 some any and or too either already yet 二、通 否定 否定。此 如下： never, no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere, none, nei more, no longer 。  ther, neither  ?nor ?, no ☆特 提醒： 1、 否定 no 相当于 not ?any?。 如 no=not any, never=not ever, nothing=not anything, nowhere= not anywhere I have no mone