非谓语动词用法比较与高考题.doc

非谓语动词用法比较与高考题 ??? (一) 动词不定式和动名词作主语比较动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：??? _______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old．（MET 1992）??? A．The walk B．Walking C．To walk D．Walk（Key：B） ??? （二） 动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较??? （1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。???? His job is building houses．???? Our task now is to increase food production． ??? （2）动词不定式和动名词作表语说明主语的内容，现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。??? The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers．The most important thing is to put theory into practice．The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，_____ it more difficult．（NMET 1999）??? A．not make???? B．not to make?? C．not making?? D．do not make （Key：B） ??? （三） 动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较??? （1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，de- mand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect 等。??? We agreed _____ here，but so far she hasnt turned up yet．（NMET 1995）??? A．having met???? B．meeting?? C．to meet??????? D．to have met （Key：C） ??? （2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，前文中已有提及??? I would appreciate _____ back this afternoon．（MET 1992）??? A．you to call?????? B．you call C．you calling?????? D．you“re calling（Key：C） ??? （3）有些动词后既能够跟不定式又能够跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：love， like，hate，prefer，intend，start， continue 等。??? I intend to finish／finish- ing the task this morning． ??? （4）有些动词后既能够跟不定式，又能够跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：forget，remember， mean，regret，stop，try 等。??? —The light in the office is still on．—Oh，I forgot ____．（MET 1991）??? A．turning it off?? B．turn it off?? C．to turn it off??? D．having turned it off（Key：C） ??? forget to do something：忘记去做某事 forget doing something：忘记以前做过某事??? —You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting．??? —Well，now I regret _____ that．（NMET 1995）??? A．to do???????????? B．to be doing C．to have done????? D．having done（Key：D） ??? regret doing something： 后悔做过某事 ??? （四） 动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较??? （1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn， allow，advise，permit，forbid 等。??? The patientwas warned _____ oily food after the operatio