企业行为及产业组织经济学原理,曼曼昆,中英文双语.pptVIP

5 FIRM BEHAVIOR AND THE ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRY 企业行为与产业组织 间区尝器 The Costs of roduction 道L夏 生产成本 Chapter 13 The Market Forces of Supply and demand Supply and demand are the two words that economists use most often Supply and demand are the forces that make market economies work Modern microeconomics is about supply, demand, and market equilibrium. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, 供给与需求的市场力量 供给与需求是经济学家最常用的两 个词。 供给与需求是使市场经济运行的力 量 现代微观经济学就是研究供给、需 求与市场均衡的学科。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, WHAT ARE COSTS? According to the Law of Supply Firms are willing to produce and sell a greater quantity of a good when the price of the good is high p This results in a supply curve that slopes upward Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, 什么是成本? 根据供给规律: 当一种物品价格高时,厂商愿意 生产和销售的更多。 这导致供给曲线向上倾斜。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, WHAT ARE COSTS? The firm’ s Objective The economic goal of the firm is to maximize profits fits Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, 什么是成本? 企业的目标 企业的经济目标是利润最大化 fits Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harco Total Revenue Total costand profit 总收入、总成本与利润 Total revenue总收入 The amount that the firm receives for the sale of its output 企业销售产品所得 Total cost总成本 The market value of the inputs a firm uses in production 企业用于生产的投入要素的市场价值。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright o 2001 by Harcourt, A Firm s Profit公司利润 Profit is the firms total revenue minus its total cost Profit Total revenue Total cost 利润=总收入一总成本 Harcourt, Inc, items and derived items copy