什么是被动语态？.pdfVIP

学习好资料 欢迎下载 什么是被动语态？ 一、 主动语态与被动语态的概念： 英语动词的语态有两种：⑴主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 ⑵被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行 者情况下使用) 例：Theyspeak English. （主动语态） 主 谓 宾 Englishis spokenby them. （被动语态） 主 谓 介词短语 注：☆及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。 例：⑴Welisten tothe teacher carefully in class. 主 谓 宾 →The teacheris listened toby uscarefully in class. 主 谓 介词短语 ⑵Ｗe laughed at him . →He was laughed at by us. 二、 被动语态的结构与用法： ㈠结构：be +done (过去分词) 被动语态中的be 为助动词，无意义。be 可能是am , is , are 也可能是was ,were 或原形be 。 注：☆被动语态的时态是由be 的时态决定的，be 是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be 后面的过 去分词不变。 ㈡用法： 例：①History is made by the people. (一般现在时) ②Ｔhe cars were made in Tianjing in 1995.(一般过去时) ③The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时) ④Ｔhe room must be kept clean. （含有情态动词的被动语态） ⑤The door is being opened. （现在进行时） ⑥The film has been seen by me. （现在完成时） 注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法 时 态 动词的被动形式 例句 一般现在时is done He is asked to do this. 一般过去时was done The story was told by her mother. 一般将来时will be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在进行时is being done The novel is being written. 过去进行时was being done At that time the desk was being made. 现在完成时have/has been done The house has been built. 过去完成时had been done They said that their work had been finished. 过去将来时would be done He said the trees would be planted soon. 三、 被动语态的各种句型： １、The song is liked by young people. (肯定句) ２、The song isn’t liked by young people （否定句） ３、Is the song liked by young people ? （一般疑问句） ４、Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑问句） 四、 主动语态改被动语态的方法： 方法分为三步