直接引语和间接引语的转换.docxVIP

直接引语和间接引语的转换 直接引语和间接引语 直接引语：直接引述别人的话。直接引语一般前后要加引号。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。 Eg: Mr.Black said,“i’m busy”. (直接引语 ) Eg: Mr. Black said that he was busy. (间接引语 ) 1、陈述句： 直接引语如果是陈述句， 变为间接引语时，用连接词“that ”引导（ that 在口语当中常省略），引述动词通常是 say, tell等。主句中如果有 say to sb., 通常变为 tell sb.。从句中的人称、 时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语要作相应的变化。 He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. The foreigner said to me, “I like Beijing very much”. →The foreigner told me that he（she) liked Beijing very much. She said,“ We are very fond of sports”. →She said that they were very fond of sports. 1）人称代词的变化 ①当主句的主语是第一人称时，引语中的人称代词不变。 I said, “ You did quite well in the exam yesterday”. I said that you had done quite well in the exam the day before. 我说你那天考得不错。 ②直接引语中主语是第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与主句中的 1/11 直接引语和间接引语的转换 主语的人称一致。 He said to Tom, “Ill do my best to catch up with others”. He told Tom that he would do his best to catch up with others. 他告诉汤姆他将尽他所能赶上其他人。 ③直接引语中主语是第二人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称和主句的宾 语相一致。 He said to her, “Where did you put the glasses” He asked her where she had put the glasses. 他问她，她把杯子放哪儿了。 提示： 如果主句中无宾语，应根据语境或想象，自添适当的宾语；如果直接引语中有呼语，则将其改为间接引语的宾语。 Mother asked, “Where have you been?”. Mother asked me where I had been. 母亲问我去哪儿了。 “ Why are you late again?” , John’steacher asked. The teacher asked John why he was late again. 老师问约翰为什么他又迟到。 ④直接引语中主语是第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。 He said to Tom, “She can help them”. → He told Tom that she could help them. 他告诉汤姆她能够帮助他们。 2）物主代词的变化 (形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 ) 2/11 直接引语和间接引语的转换 “You should not overlook your fault” , Mum said to me. Mum told me that I should not overlook my fault. 妈妈对我说我不应该忽略我的缺点。 The two boys said,“We have lost our dog.“ The two boys said they had lost their dog. 这两个男孩说他们的狗丢了。 “It ’smine”, he said. →He said it’shis. （ 3）指示代词的变化 直接引语中的指示代词 间接引语中的指示代词 this that these those She said, “This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived” . She said that was the house in which Lu Xun had once lived. 她说那是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 “I bought th