安全工程-基于主成分分析的建筑施工安全评价方法研究论文.docVIP

本科论文 摘 要 随着我国城镇化发展，作为经济支柱的建筑产业，依然保持着向上的势头。随着社会需求的逐渐增大，建筑业的发展必然更加迅猛。然而，在飞速发展的态势下，各种水平不一的建筑企业大量出现。在企业追求进度，节约成本；工人安全意识薄弱；施工环境危险等盘根错节的情况下，安全事故屡见不鲜。 就现在的形势下，建筑项目施工现场的安全评价，采用传统的安全评价方法，大多数仅仅是在性质上区分安全与危险。在建筑施工现场，安全因素错综复杂，相互作用，传统评价方法不能在众多安全因素中筛选出主要因素，所以我们需要引入量化方法对建筑施工现场进行安全评价。本论文使用主成分分析法对建筑施工现场进行安全评价。 基于对施工现场安全因素进行分析，创建了施工安全评价指标体系，其中包含6个分指标，和28个评价指标。 然后利用安全检查表，让专家给出得分和数据。 通过计算，我们获得了输入PCA的原始数据，并通过分析获得了我们想要的主要成分。可以看出对建筑施工现场安全有主要影响的因素。通过成分得分系数矩阵，得到综合评价值，从而，可以对建筑项目进行安全性排序。 通过PCA方法，我们可以从多个安全因素中，找出主要因素。这有利于我们对项目进行安全管理，明确管理方向。 关键词：建筑施工；安全管理；安全评价方法；安全评价指标体系；PCA Abstract With the development of urbanization in China，the construction industry，as an economic pillar，is still on the upward trend．As the social demand gradually increases，the development of the construction industry will be faster．However，in the rapid development situation，many construction companies of various levels appeared．Safety accidents are not uncommon when companies seek power generation and cost savings，workers safety awareness is weak，and construction environment risks are intertwined． Under the current circumstances，the safety evaluation of construction sites in construction projects employs a traditional safety evaluation method．Most of them only distinguish the safety and danger in nature．In the construction site，the safety factors are complex and interact，and the traditional evaluation method can not screen out the main factors in many safety factors．Therefore，We need to introduce quantitative methods to assess the safety of the construction site．In this paper，the safety evaluation of the construction site was conducted using the principal component analysis method． Based on the analysis of the safety factors in the construction site，a construction safety evaluation index system was established，which included 6 indicators and 28 evaluation indicators，and using safety inspection tables to provide scores and figures to experts．We obtained the first data that entered the PCA and obtained the desired main ingr