英语语法 2.2.3动词语态 被动语态的几种特殊结构.pptVIP

“十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 主讲教师：夏美莲 英语语法 English Grammar 娄底职业技术学院 Loudi Vocational and Technical College 应用英语专业资源库 Resource Library of Applied English 被动语态的几种特殊结构 被动语态的几种特殊结构 除了助动词be加及物动词的过去分词这种最常见的被动语态结构外，还有一些特殊结构。 (1) 情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。例如： In this sense, bad things can be turned into good things. Coal could be used in place of oil in this case. The goods must be shipped before the end of September. (2) 短语动词的被动语态短语动词应看作一个整体，变为被动语态时介词不能省略。例如： My sister will be taken care by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. Women were looked down upon in the past. (3) 含有两个宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保持不变。例如： The students gave the foreigners a warm welcome. The foreigners were given a warm welcome by the students.(间接宾语为主语) A warm welcome was given to the foreigners by the students.(直接宾语为主语) ? (4) 含有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态中如有复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)，变为被动语态时只将复合宾语中的宾语变为主语，宾语补足语部分不变，但语法上称为主语补足语。 例如： We made him our monitor. →He was made our monitor. People have regarded Chairman Mao as brilliant. →Chairman Mao has been regarded as brilliant. 【注意】 所有带不定式做宾语补足语的动词，包括感官动词feel, see, hear, watch, observe, notice, look at, listen to及使役动词make, have, let和动词help在变为被动语态时，变成主语补足语的不定式一律加to。例如： I noticed him cross the street. →He was noticed to cross the street. The boss makes the workers work day and night. →The workers are made to work day and night. (5) 不及物动词或不及物动词短语如：rise, happen, last, break out, take place等没有被动语态。例如： Great changes have taken place in my hometown. The price has risen. The traffic accident happened last week. (6) 系动词如：become, feel, get, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn等，没有被动语态。例如： It sounds reasonable. She seemed annoyed. “十二五” 职业教育规划教材 “十二五” 职业教育规划教材