液压回路设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译.doc

PAGE PAGE ２ 英文原文 CIRCUIT DESING Summary The selection of hydraulic components for use in a given application is determined by their ability to meet the required specification within the desired cost framework. A variety of components can be arranged to fulfil a given function by using different circuit configurations as the fluid power system designer has the freedom, within the constraints set by the preferences of the machine builder and/or the user, to select components of his choice. This freedom makes it difficult to summarise circuit on design however, the designer need to be able justify the circuit on the basis of technical considerations. This chapter therefore describes and, where applicable, evaluates variety of circuit options that can be used for the range of functions generally encountered in the application of fluid power systems. 1. Introduction To a very large degree the main function of hydraulic circuits is to control the flow to one or several actuators as required by the application. There are, however, a variety of methods for controlling flow, some of which act indirectly by using pressure as the controlling parameter. The circuits discussed in this chapter include: · Directional control and valve configurations. · Velocity controls with constant supply pressure. · Velocity controls with load sensing. · Variable displacement pump controls. · Hydrostatic transmissions. · Load control. · Contamination control. 2. Pressure and Flow Hydraulic systems provide flow from the pump that is directed to one or more actuators(motors) at a pressure level that satisfies the highest demand. Where a single output is being driven the pump pressure will float to the level demanded by the load. However, even for such simple systems the method that is employed to provide variable flow needs to be evaluated in order to ensure that best efficiency is obtained. In circuits with multiple outputs this aspect can be more difficu