运动训练分期理论的几点疑惑来自部分项目的思考.docVIP

运动训练分期理论的几点疑惑：来自部分项目的思考 基于“捧马”与“劈马”现象 Some Doubts for Cycle Theory of Sports Training: From Thoughts on Part ofSports Event in China Based on the Phenomenon Supporting Matveev^ or Opposing Matveev” 摘 要：运动训练分期问题已经从最初的马特维耶夫(简称马氏分期理论)分期理论走向 了多分期理论并存的局面，板块分期理论、单元训练理论、小周期理论及非线性分期理论成 为训练领域的热点Z—，呈现出了“捧马”与“劈马”两大阵营，主要表现为训练阶段与任 务、竞技多赛制的冲突及多分期理论的共融性等。研究认为，(1)马氏分期理论屮关于训练 阶段与任务的规划带有普适性，但在具体实践屮或是某一训练阶段会表现岀不一致现彖;(2) 多赛制的出现并不意味着马氏分期理论的不适，两者并无明显的因果关系，因为马氏分期理 论注重的是个体竞技状态的变化,只是在这种多赛制屮竞技状态的个体变化可能会很小;(3) 马氏分期理论更应该是一种哲学层血上的或是指导性，其他诸多分期理论是一种具体的实践 应用，互相2间并不矛陌，而是一种有益辅助。 关键词：训练分期理论；板块分期理论；单元分期理论；非线性分期理论 Abstract: Sports training cycle has from the initial Matveev (referred to as Matveev cycle theory) stage theory to the multi stage theory, block stage theory, theory of unit training, small cycle theory and nonlinear cycle theory hav become one of the hot issues in the field of training, showing a ”supporting MatveevH and opposing MatveevH in the conflict of multi stage of training and task, athletic competition system and blending on multi stage theory. Research shows that (1) Matveevas stage theory is universality, but in practice or a training phase showed inconsistent phenomenon; (2) multi competition does not mean that the Matveevs stage theory is discomfort, the causal relationship between the two are not obvious. Because the Mateev^s stage theory pays attention to the change of individual competitive state, only individual changes in this competitive multi game system state may be very small; (3) Matveevs stage theory should be a more philosophical level or guidance, many other stage theory is a practical application, each other is not the contradiction, but a good assistant. Key words: stage training; block training; unit training; nonlinear training H 1964年马特维耶夫出版《运动训练分期问题》一书以来，极大地推动了运动训练理 论的发展，也掀起了训练实践的诸多反思，最为典型的是形成了 “捧马”和“劈马”两大阵 营，至今，还很难对这两大阵营做出合理的选择，两大阵营也许都有着训练的积极意义。应 来说，作为运动训练理论的发展，这种争议或山头的存在应该是一件好事，只要不是山头主 义就好，因为，任何一个学科或知识领域的发展，都不可能达到知识的完全，所谓完全也只 能是集体的完全，而不是个体的完全。因此，面对“捧马”还是“