海洋气象学：4天气风观测四维同化.pptVIP

Terms and Descriptions of Weather-1 RAIN: is defined as precipitation of liquid droplets. SNOW: is precipitation, in the form of ice crystals, most of which are branched (sometimes star-shaped). DRIZZLE: is defined as fairly uniform precipitation composed exclusively of fine drops of water of diameter less than 0.5 mm (1150 in.) and very close to one another. Drizzle drops are too small to cause appreciable ripples on the surface of still water. The drops appear almost to float, thus making visible even slight movements of the air. HAIL: is precipitation of small balls or pieces of ice (hailstones) with a diameter ranging from 5 to 50 mm (1/2 to 2 inches) or sometimes more, falling either separately or fused into irregular lumps. Terms and Descriptions of Weather-2 FOG: is a suspension of very small water droplets in the air reducing the visibility less than 1/2 nautical mile at the earths surface. MIST: is a suspension in the air of microscopic water droplets or wet hygroscopic particles, reducing the visibility between 1/2 and 5 nautical miles at the earths surface. HAZE: is a suspension in the air of extremely small dry particles invisible to the naked eye and sufficiently numerous to give the air an opalescent (milky or pearly) appearance. The visibility may be reduced but is always better than 1/2 nautical mile. If the relative humidity of the air is very high (90 - 1 00%), the phenomenon is mist; but if the relative humidity is lower (60-80%), the phenomenon may be classified as haze. ∞ Terms and Descriptions of Weather-3 THUNDERSTORMS: is considered to be occurring at the ship when thunder is heard. A thunderstorm is regarded as being heavy when sharp and pronounced thunder and lightning occur almost continuously, accompanied by heavy rain or snow and often by hail, and the peak wind preceding or accompanying the storm is usually in excess of 40 knots. TORNADO: A violently rotating column of air in contact with and extending between a convective cl