12动火作业过程槽罐周围：预防工人死亡的七个关键教训.docxVIP

February 2010 Seven Key Lessons to Prevent Worker Deaths During Hot Work In and Around Tanks Effective Hazard Assessment and Use of Combustible Gas Monitoring Will Save Lives No. 2009-01-SB 2010年2月 在储罐内部和周围进行动火作业时预防工人死亡的七个教训 有效的危险评估和可燃气体监测器可以挽救生命 编号：2009-01-SB Depiction of hot work from the CSB’s 2008 safety video “Death in the Oilfield.” 摘自CSB2008年的安全视频“油田死亡事故” Emergency response efforts following a June 5, 2006, accident at the Partridge Raleigh Oilfield. Courtesy of Smith County Sheriff’s Office. 2006年6月5日，鹧鸪罗利油田事故的应急响应行动。史密斯县警长办公室提供。 INTRODUCTION The CSB has identified over 60 fatalities since 1990 due to explosions and fires from hot work activities on tanks. Hot work is defined as “work involving burning, welding, or a similar operation that is capable of initiating fires or explosions.” Hot work also includes other activities with the potential to create a source of ignition such as cutting, brazing, grinding, and soldering. Workers are potentially at risk not only in the oil and gas industry, where flammables are handled regularly, but also in many other sectors within general industry, such as food production, paper, and wastewater treatment. 一、概述 经调查，CSB发现自1990年以来由于对储罐进行动火作业引起的火灾和爆炸共造成60余人丧生。动火作业被定义为“工作涉及燃烧、焊接或类似的能够引发火灾或爆炸的操作”。动火作业还包括其他潜在的产生点火源的活动，如切割、钎焊、磨削和焊接。不仅在定期处理易燃物的石油和天然气行业的工人有潜在风险，在其他许多一般行业也一样，如食品生产、造纸及污水处理。 This bulletin summarizes 11 accidents – nine of which the agency has investigated – to highlight seven key lessons that were found to be applicable to all or most of the incidents, especially the need for effective hazard assessment and proper monitoring of potentially flammable air concentrations in work areas. 该公告总结了11起突发事件，其中CSB调查了其中的9起，以强调他们发现的7个重要教训。这些教训适用于所有或者大多数突发事件，尤其是那些需要进行有效危险评估和恰当使用监测器探测潜在易燃气体浓度的工作区域。 The OSHA hot work standard 29 CFR 1910.252, which addresses welding, cutting and brazing, and a voluntary consensus standard from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), define practices that should be implemented during th