14美国INDSPEC化学公司：发烟硫酸泄漏.docxVIP

CASE STUDY Uncontrolled Oleum Release Petrolia, Pennsylvania (Three towns evacuated) 2009-01-I-PA September 2009 案例分析 失控的发烟硫酸泄漏 编号：2009-01-I-PA 2009年9月 1 The Incident At about 9:45 am on Saturday, October 11, 2008, an INDSPEC shift supervisor called the oleum storage building operator to the facility to prepare soda ash for the process. The operator arrived at about 11:45 am and began transferring oleum from the pressure vessels to the process tanks, as was customary, before preparing the soda ash. 1突发事件经过 2008年10月11日，星期六，上午9点45分左右，INDSPEC公司的一名值班主管要求发烟硫酸储存车间的操作员到工厂来为纯碱制备工艺做准备。操作员于11点45分抵达工厂，根据惯例，在制备纯碱前，要通过压力管道转移发烟硫酸。 The operator began pumping oleum to a process tank from vessel 611 using the normal power supply and from vessel 610 simultaneously using the emergency power supply. When vessel 610 ran empty, the operator began pumping from vessel 612 (Figure 2) using the emergency power supply. 操作员开始使用正常供电从容器611抽取并向工艺储罐输送发烟硫酸，与此同时，使用应急电源从容器610抽取发烟硫酸。当容器610被抽空时，操作员开始使用应急电源从容器612抽取（图1）。 Figure 1. Oleum storage and control room buildings 图1 发烟硫酸储存和控制室车间 At about 2:00 pm, the operator completed soda ash preparation and shut down the soda ash process. He returned to the control room and, using the distributed control system（DCS）console, stopped the vessel 611 oleum transfer pump. The transfer pump connected to the emergency power supply remained on, and the transfer of oleum to the process tank from vessel 612 continued. The operator told the CSB that he believed he had shut down the transfer pump connected to the emergency power supply. 下午两点左右，操作员完成了纯碱制备并关闭了纯碱制备工艺。他回到控制室，在分散式控制系统控制台上关掉了容器611的发烟硫酸输送泵。连接应急电源的输送泵仍在工作，从容器612向工艺储罐输送发烟硫酸的过程仍在继续。操作员告诉CSB，他相信自己关闭了连接应急电源的输送泵。 The DCS did not display the status of a transfer pump connected to the emergency power supply; only the local start/stop switch could stop a pump powered by the emergency supply. 分散式控制系统没有显示连接应急电源的输送泵的状态；只有输送泵上的开关才能切断与应急电源的连接。 At 2:13 pm, an alarm beacon indicated a high level in process tank 1502. However,