初级阶段欧美学生汉字习得偏误分析—基于HSK动态作文语料库.docxVIP

PAGE 10 初级阶段欧美学生汉字习得偏误分析 ——基于HSK动态作文语料库（2.0版） 摘 要 随着我国经济的蓬勃发展，汉语的国际影响力逐步增强，越来越多的外国学习者加入了汉语学习的热潮之中。但是汉字学习成为了制约欧美学习者汉语水平提高的瓶颈问题。本文基于HSK动态作文语料库资料，统计了初级阶段欧美留学生汉字习得偏误情况，将欧美留学生汉字偏误分为“部件偏误”“笔画偏误”“字音偏误”“字形偏误”；分析了欧美学生汉字习得偏误产生的原因，并且针对以上偏误问题提出了相应的解决对策。希望通过研究，可以给汉语国际教育提供一些新的视角和方法，提高教学针对性，帮助欧美留学生提高汉语水平。 关键词：初级阶段；汉字习得；偏误研究；汉语国际教育；动态作文语料库 An Analysis of Errors in Chinese Character Acquisition by European and American Students in the Preliminary Stage -- Based on HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus (Version 2.0) Abstract With the rapid development of Chinas economy and the increasing international influence of Chinese, more and more foreign learners are joining the craze of Chinese learning. However, Chinese character learning has become a bottleneck problem that restricts the improvement of Chinese proficiency of European and American learners. Based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus, this paper makes statistics on the Chinese character acquisition errors of European and American students in the primary stage, and divides them into component errors, stroke errors, word sound errors and font errors. This paper analyzes the causes of Chinese character acquisition errors of European and American students, and puts forward the corresponding solutions to the above errors. The author hopes that the research can provide some new perspectives and methods for the international education of Chinese, improve the pertinence of teaching, and help the European and American students to improve their Chinese. Keywords: Primary stage; Acquisition of Chinese characters Sentence; Bias research; Teaching Chinese as a Second Language; Dynamic composition corpus  目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 一、引言 1 二、偏误类型数量统计 2 三、偏误描述 3 （一） 笔画偏误分析 4 1．笔形偏误 4 2．笔画数目偏误 4 （二）部件偏误分析 6 1．部件的改换 6 2．部件的增损 7 （三）字音偏误分析 8 四、偏误产生的原因 8 （一）汉字自身的特点 8 1．汉字难写，难认，难记 8 2. 汉字是音、形、义三要素结合的文字 9 3. 大量的形近字、同音字和近音字在汉字之中 9 （二）学习者自身的因素 9 1．学习者的学习动机和学习态度 9 2．学习者的