山东省威海市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.docxVIP

试卷第 试卷第 PAGE #页，总10页 试卷第 试卷第2页，总10页 山东省威海市2020.2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 学校:姓外 班级：考号： 一、阅读选择 All living organisms are uniquely adapted to the environment in which they live. Scientists are studying the design and the biological processes of these organisms to get ideas for products and technologies. This field of study is called biomimetics. Here are two examples. Toucan Bills and Car Safety Fo4rn Toucan usually has enormous bills. Scientists have found that the toucans beak is designed to be both strong and light. The surface is made of keratin, the same material in human fingernails and hair. But the inside of the bill has a foam-like structure and is made up of a network of light, thin pieces of bone. It contains a lot of air. and some areas are hollow, not solid. This design makes the bill hard but very light. The design of the toucan bill can be used to make cars and planes safer. Studies show that the beaks stricture can absorb high energy impacts very well. Car body panels that mimic toucan bills may offer better protection to motorists involved in crashes. Shark Scales and Swimsuits Shark skin may look smooth, but its actually rough. Sharks are covered in scales made from the same material as their teeth. Viewed up close, the scales actually look like tiny teeth. These scales protect the shark and help to keep it clean. They are also flexible and can turn or bend in the water. This movement reduces the waters drag on the shark and helps it to swim quickly. Scientists discovered that the shortfin makos scales vary in size and flexibility over itsbody. For instance the scales on the sides of the body are tapered — wide at one end and narrow at the other. They can turn up or flatten to adjust to the flow of water around the shark and to reduce drag. Scientists believe that shark scales can inspire designs for machines that experience drag, such as airplanes. Designers are also getting ideas from shark scales for designing swimwear and coating ship bottoms. Why do c