7.细菌的感染免疫（英文）.pdfVIP

Anti-infectious Immunity Non-specific immunity Specific immunity Non-specific or innate immunity anatomical barriers humoral factors phagocytic cells NK cells Anatomical barriers 1. Skin and mucosa barrier ： ① the intact skin and mucous membranes of the body afford a high degree of protection against pathogens. ② secrete bactericin , fatty acid，actic acid， lysozyme，lactoferrin et al. ③ normal flora 2.hemo-spinal fluid barrier 3. placental barrier Phagocytic cells small phagocytic cell neutrophils larger phagocytic cell MPS mononuclear phagocyte system 1. The steps of phagocytosis : chemotaxis recognition and binding ingestion (phagosome) digestion (phagolysome) 2. bactericidal mechanism ： phagosome lysosome fuse phagolysome digestion of the ingested material Oxygen-dependent mechanism reactive oxygen intermediate—ROI - O2 , H O 2 , OH 2 myeloperoxidase halide ions hydrogen peroxide halogenation of the converting amino acid bacterial cell wall into aldehydes Oxygen-independent mechanism enzyme: lysozyme; defensins; hydrolase TNF pH: 3.5-4.0 3. Results of Phagocytosis complete phagocytose ： The lysosomes fuse with the phagosomes containing the ingested microbes and the microbes are destroyed.