考看反义疑问句的.docVIP

反意疑问句探秘 反意疑问句表示问话人有一定的看法,但并不完全肯定,需要对方证实。它由两部分组成——陈述句+简略问句。一般情况下,陈述部分为肯定结构时,简略问句用否定结构,即“前肯后否”;陈述部分为否定结构时,简略问句用肯定结构,即“前否后肯”。一、简略问句中的主语部分简略问句中的主语多用代词。1. 陈述部分主语是this, that时,简略问句的主语用it;陈述部分主语是these, those时,简略问句的主语用they。如:This is a new car, isn’t it?These are your books, aren’t they?2. 陈述部分主语是something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,简略问句的主语用it;陈述部分主语是somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等不定代词时,简略问句的主语用he或they。如: Something is wrong with your bike, isn’t it?Someone helped her, didn’t he/they?3. 陈述部分主语是不定式、v-ing形式时,简略问句的主语用it。如:Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes, isn’t it? 二、简略问句中的动词部分简略问句中的动词多用助动词、be动词或情态动词,并且否定式多用缩略形式。下面是一些特殊情况,请同学们多注意:1. 陈述部分含had better时,简略问句的动词用had。如:We’d better not swim in the river, had we? 2. 陈述部分含have to时,简略问句的动词用助动词do的适当形式。如:Lin Tao has to look after his mother at home, doesn’t he?3. 陈述部分含情态动词must表示“必须”时,简略问句的动词用must。如:We must study hard, mustn’t we?4. 陈述部分中的need是行为动词时,简略问句应根据情况选用助动词do的适当形式;如果need用作情态动词时,简略问句的动词仍用need。如:All of us need to work hard, don’t we?You needn’t do that, need you? 三、其它情况1. 陈述部分是There be结构时,简略问句中仍用there。如:There are so many students on the playground, aren’t there?2. 肯定的祈使句(含Let us...)后的简略问句常用will you,但有时也可用won’t you;而否定的祈使句后的简略问句只能用will you。此外,Let’s...句型的简略问句应用shall we。如: Have a cup of tea, will you?Let us have a rest, will you?Let’s play basketball, shall we? 3. 陈述部分有表示否定的词no, never, nothing, seldom, few, little, hardly时,简略问句用肯定形式。如:He seldom goes there, does he?4. 主从复合句的反意疑问句一般根据主句来确定,但如果是I think, I believe等后面的宾语从句,简略问句应由从句来决定;此外,如果这类从句的否定移到主句上,应将其视为否定结构,简略问句用肯定结构。如:He thinks he is going to be a doctor, isn’t he?I think that she is from Beijing, isn’t she?I don’t think he repaired the bicycle himself, did he?5. 陈述部分是I’m...时,简略问句用aren’t I。如:I’m still alive, aren’t I? 四、反意疑问句的回答对于“前肯后否”的反意疑问句,我们很容易掌握其回答;但对于“前否后肯”的反意疑问句,回答时应排除汉语干扰,根据事实来确定,肯定事实用Yes(翻译为“不”),否定事实用No(翻译为“是”)。如: —Kate can’t speak Chinese, can she?—Yes, she can.(意思是“不,她会。”)—No, she can’t.(意思是“是的,她不会。”) ? ???????????????