机械英语方面文章.docx

and b also indicate the equations to be used for estimating the different parameters of the grinding operation, such as the machining time and the rate of metal removal. During the surface-grinding operations, heavy workpieces are either held in fixtures or clamped on the machine table by scrap clamps and the like, whereas smaller workpieces are usually held by chucks. Cylindrical between centers grinding. In cylindrical grinding, the workpiece is held during grinding operation, and the wheel rotation is the source and cause for the rotary cutting motion, as shown if Fig.8.2. In fact, cylindrical grinding can be carried out by employing any of the following methods: (1) The transverse method, in which both the grinding both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate and longitudinal linear feed is applied to enable grinding of the whole length. The depth of cut is adjusted by the cross feed if the grinding wheel into the workpiece. (2) The plunge-cut method, in which grinding is achieved through the cross feed of the grinding wheel and no axial feed is applied. As you can see, this method can be applied only when the surface to be ground is shorter than the width of the grinding wheel used. (3) The full-depth method, which is similar to the transverse method except that the grinding allowance is removed in a single pass. This method is usually recommended when grinding short rigid shafts. Internal grinding. Internal grinding is employed for grinding relatively short holes, as shown in Fig.8.3. The workpiece is held in a chuck or a special fixture. Both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate during the operation and feed is applied in the longitudinal direction. Any desired depth of cut can be obtained by the cross feed of the grinding wheel. A variation from this type is planetary