土木工程专业英语课件Lesson3.pptxVIP

Lesson 3 Components of A Building 建筑物的组成;Words;Components of A Building建筑物的组成那分;Development of High Buildings 高建筑物的发展 The skyscraper, owes its existence to two developments of the 19th century: steel skeleton construction and the passenger elevator. 摩天大楼的出现得益于19世纪的两大发展：钢结构建筑 和裁人电梯。 Steel as a construction material dates from the introduction of the Bessemer converter in 1855. 钢材作为一种建筑材料是始于1855年贝色麦转炉炼钢法 的引入。 Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923) introduce steel construction in France. Gustave Eiffel将钢结构引入法国。 His designs for the Galerie des Machines and the Tower for the Paris Exposition of 1889 expressed the lightness of the steel framework. 1889年巴黎展览会的塔和他为Galerie des机械的设计表 现了钢结构的灵活性。;Development of High Buildings 高建筑物的发展 The Eiffel Tower, 984 feet (300 meters) high, was the tallest structure built by man and was not surpassed until 40 years later by a series of American skyscrapers. 埃非尔铁搭高达300m,是当时人类修建的最高的结构， 直到40年后，其高度才被美国的一系列的摩天大楼超过。;土木工程专业英语;Load-Carrying Frame 承車框架 Until the late 19th century, the exterior walls of a building were used as bearing walls to support the floors. 直到19世纪晚期，建筑物外墙被用作支承楼板的承重墙。 This construction is essentially a post and lintel type, and it is still used in frame construction for houses. 这种建筑本质上就是柱和过梁的组合类型，它仍然被用 在房屋的框架结构中。 Bearing-wall construction limited the height of buildings because of the enormous wall thickness required; for instance, the 16-story Monadnock Building built in the 1880s in Chicago had walls 5 feet (1.5 meters) thick at the lower floors. 承重墙体限制了建筑物的高度，因为墙体的厚度要求很 厚；比如，1891年芝加哥建成的16层高的蒙诺那克大楼，其 底层的外墙厚度达到L5mo;Monadnock Building in Chicago;Load-Carrying Frame 承重框架;Load-Carrying Frame 承重框架;Marina Towers and Post Office Tower;Load-Carrying Frame 承車框架;Load-Carrying Frame 承重,匡架;Skin外墙;Floors楼板层;Floors楼板层;Mechanical and Electrical Systems 机才戒和电气系统;Mechanical and Electrical Systems 机械.和电气系统;Mechanical and Electrical Systems 机才戒和电气系统;American Republic Insurance Company Building;Soils and Foundations 土体和基础;Soils and Foundations 土体和基础;Soils a