主动语态变被动语态的几个特例.docVIP

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 PAGE / NUMPAGES 主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 主动语态变被动语态的几个特例 一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，多半将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语作保存宾语；也可将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语作保存宾语，但这时保存宾语前多加介词 to 或 for 。如： He gave me a new watch. → 1) I was given a new watch. 2) A new watch was given to me. 二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时，只好将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不行变为主语。如： They call me Jim. → I am called不Jim可说.(： Jim is called me.) 三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时，用 “By+疑问词（宾格） ”置于句首。如： Who broke the glass? → By whom was the glass broken? 四、祈使句变为被动语态时，要改为 “Let 原+宾语 +be+过去分词 ”。 如： Close the window. → Let the window be closed. 五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时，多用 it 作形式主语置于句首，原宾语从句成为真实主语（从句），从句中也需用被动语态。如： People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby. → It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng. 六、含有谓语动词 know 的主动句变为被动语态时，不用 by 短语，需 by 改为 to 。如： We all know the scientist. → The scientist is known to us all. 1/11 七、 no one、nobody 等否认代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时，谓语动词用否认式，不再用原主语，但可加上 by anyone、by anybody 等短语。如： No one can lift the heavy box. → The heavy box can not be lifted (by anyone). 被动语态改错练习 以下每句均有错误，请更正： The May 4 Movement(运动 ) was happened in 19. Who was my book taken away? Was this room cleaned by you and he? When did the sweater bought? She was made sing a second song. ( sing 前加 to（在 make, hear, see, watch, feel等动词后作宾补的不定式不加 to 。但这些动词组成的被动句中，不定式符号 to 一定加上。） The poor man was saved and gave some money. A science lab is built now. I was given by Li Ping two books. A happy life is being lived by us. Something must be did to finish the work on time. 答案： 1.was happened →happened 2.句末加 by 或将原句改为 By whom was my book taken away? 3. he → him 4. did → was前加5. tosing（在 make, hear, see, watch, feel 等动词后作宾补的不定式不加 to 。 但这些动词组成的被动句中，不定式符号 to 一定加上。 6.gave →given 此句意为 “有人救了那个可怜的人，并给了他一点钱 ”，因今后一个动词也要用被动语态。 2/11 7．is built → is being built由now 判断，应用此刻进行时的被动语态。 8．by Li Ping two books → two books by Li Ping短语.一by般置于被动谓语结 构以后，但在含双宾语的主动句变为被动句时， by 短语应置于另一保存宾语以后。 9．原句改为： We are living a happy life.主动句宾语为同源宾语时，不行改为被动句。 10．did → done被动谓语构造中的行为动词都