A-Comparative-Study-of-Input-Hypothesis-and-Output-Hypothesis课件课件课件.doc

A Comparative Study of Input Hypothesis and Output Hypothesis 　　Abstract: The essay compares the differences between input hypothesis and output hypothesis as well as their similarities based on literature and empirical studies. As for the differences, theoretical rests and attitudes towards output are taken into consideration. In terms of the similarities, both input hypothesis and output hypothesis are comprehensible and modified, have something to do with “i+1” and share the same attitude towards pushed output. 　　Key words: input hypothesis; output hypothesis; comprehensible; modified 　　中图分类号: H319文献标识码: A文章编号:1672-1578(2010)07-0020-02 　　 　　1 Input hypothesis 　　Krashen (1982) provides five hypotheses, in which he believes that the input hypothesis is the most important one as it touches upon directly the most fundamental question of second language acquisition (SLA). Based on the hypothesis, he introduces the concept of comprehensible input, namely, language acquisition conforms to the pattern of “ i+1 ”, that is, language acquisition shall take place if and only if the comprehensible input is just slightly higher than the learner’s current language ability. 　　2 Output hypothesis 　　Swain (2005, p471) argued that output, by its nature, is not the end of production, but rather a process of the language learning. Therefore, output, if carefully taken care of, can also contribute to the language learning. In order to prove this, she has outlined three functions conducive to second language learning: a) the noticing and triggering function, b) the hypothesis-testing function and c) the metalinguistic function. 　　3 Differences 　　3.1 Theoretical rests 　　 Krashen’s input hypothesis is fundamentally based on the Nativist Theories, which maintains that the innate biological endowment is the precondition for learners to acquire another language (Diane Larsen-freeman and Michael H. Long, 2000). In this sense, what the second language learner has to do is to take