供给、需求与政府政策.pptx

供给、需求与政府政策;;价格控制;价格控制;价格上限如何影响市场结果;Figure 1 A Market with a Price Ceiling;Figure 1 A Market with a Price Ceiling;;;1973, OPEC 提高了世界石油市场的原油价格. 由于原油是用于生产汽油的主要投入, 较高的石油价格减少了汽油供给. 什么导致了人们排队加油呢?;Figure 2 The Market for Gasoline with a Price Ceiling;Figure 2 The Market for Gasoline with a Price Ceiling;案例研究: 短期与长期租金控制;Figure 3 Rent Control in the Short Run and in the Long Run;Figure 3 Rent Control in the Short Run and in the Long Run;;Figure 4 A Market with a Price Floor;Figure 4 A Market with a Price Floor;;;最低工资;Figure 5 How the Minimum Wage Affects the Labor Market;Figure 5 How the Minimum Wage Affects the Labor Market;;;Figure 6 A Tax on Buyers;;Figure 7 A Tax on Sellers;;Figure 8 工薪税;;;Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided;Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided; 税收负担如何划分? 税收负担更多地落在缺乏弹性的市场一方身上.;Summary;Summary;Summary