小型四轴雕铣机结构设计.doc

PAGE PAGE II 摘 要 建国五十年，我国的机械工业虽然已经有了较大的发展，具备了一定的基础和规模，初步满足国民经济和人民生活的需要。但雕刻机的价格均比较高,为了提高其普及率,设计开发一个经济、简练的机械运动系统是很具有重要的理论意义和实用价值的。 本文简要地介绍了雕刻机的起源和发展现状，分析了国内外同类雕刻机的特点，说明了雕刻机的功能和使用范围。综合造和加工工艺等知识，提出了简化雕刻机运动系统的设计思路。其次，讨论和确定了本雕刻机的总体结构布局。本雕刻的运动系统包括了主运动系统和进给运动系统。其主运动系统采用电机直接接刀具，省去中间传动，而进给运动系统是采用步进电机带动滚珠丝杠使部件在导轨上平移来实现四轴联动。再次，对主电机的选用、滚珠丝杠、步进电机以及导轨等主要零部件进行了详细的设计与计算。本雕刻机有着安装方便，结构简单、新颖，制造成本低等优点，可用于中小型雕刻机，对雕刻机价格具有一点的影响。 关键词：雕刻机；运动系统；总体布局；四维；新颖 ABSTRACT In fifty years，The mechanical industry of our country has made great progress，have a certain amount of foundation and scale , Preliminary satisfy national economy and the needs of the people.But the price of engraving machine is high; to be able to increase its penetration rate, design a mechanical system which is cheaper and brevity has a very important theoretical and practical value. This article briefly introduced the origin and the state-of-the –art of the engraving machine, analysed the similar characteristics of sculpture both at home and abroad, explained the functions and scope of use of the engraving machine. Firstly,a motion system design ideas was got by comprehensive using the knowledge such as mechanical design and manufacturing and processing technology. Secondly, the carving of the layout of the engraving machine are discussed and identified. The movement system of the sculpture, including the main movement system and feed movement.The main campaign directly to the electrical system used knives, eliminating the middle transmission, and the Progressive Movement system is used to the stepper motor driven ball screws so that components in the rails On the pan to achieve four-axis linkage. Finally, Selection of the main motor, ball screw, the stepper motor and rails, and other major components of a detailed are designed and calculationed. The engraving machine is easy to install, simple structure, new, and low cost manufacturing, can be used for small and