慈溪市大气PM2.5与其中水溶性离子的污染研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 19 慈溪市大气PM2.5与其中水溶性离子的污染研究 摘要：本文研究了慈溪市大气中PM2.5及其水溶性离子的分布特征。本实验通过对慈溪市四个季度的PM2.5监测，通过采用重量法与离子色谱法对样品进行分析，获得了一年中的浓度水平变化，了解其时空分布及相关性。通过对实验数据分析得知，PM2.5及其水溶性离子与浓度与气压、气温的相关性较高。其中NH4+离子是含量最高的水溶性离子，浓度范围在0.005-13.871μg/m3；第二是NO3-，浓度范围在0.009-16.532μg/m3；第三是SO42-，浓度范围在0.007-12.357μg/m3；最低的Cl-的浓度范围在0.002-2.984μg/m3。分析得出，市区SO42-、NO3-、Cl-的浓度高于乡镇，NH4+的浓度低于乡镇。水溶性离子的整体浓度在冬季浓度最高，夏季最低。污染主要来源于汽车尾气与工业燃煤。 关键词：PM2.5，水溶性离子，浓度范围，时空分布，相关性 The research on pollution patterns of PM2.5 and its water-soluble ions in the atmosphere of Cixi Abstract: In this study, we analyzed the pollution patterns of PM2.5 and its water-soluble ions in the atmosphere of a city in the Yangtze River Delta region. In this experiment, we monitored PM2.5 between four seasons of a city in the Yangtze River Delta region to analyze samples, obtain its concentration variation and understand the distribution and correlation of their spatial and temporal by using the gravimetric method and ion chromatography samples. Given the analysis of the experimental data we know that PM2.5 and water-soluble ions concentration are related to atmospheric pressure and air temperature. The highest content of water-soluble ions is NH4+, it’s concentration range is 0.005-13.871μg/m3; followed by NO3-, concentration range is 0.009-16.532μg/m3; SO42- concentration range is 0.007-12.357μg/m3; the lowest concentration is Cl-, whose concentration range is 0.002-2.984μg/ m3. Analysis of results that all of the concentration of SO42-, NO3- and Cl- are higher than the concentration of urban townships. The villages’ concentration of NH4+ is higher than the urban. Overall, the concentration of water-soluble ions in winter is highest and lowest in summer. Pollution mainly comes from vehicle exhaust and industrial coal. Keywords: PM2.5, water-soluble ions, concentration, temporal and spatial distribution, correlation 1引言 1.1 研究的背景和意义 PM2.5是指在环境空气中，其空气动力学当量直径小于或等于2.5μm的颗粒物，也被称为是可入肺颗粒物。虽然PM2.5的粒径非常小，但是在PM2.5中含有大量有毒、有害的物质，对人体健康的影响和对大气环境质量的影响很大